In the early spring, careful selection of crop varieties is essential for maximizing yield and ensuring efficient land use. For corn, it's recommended to plant large-eared varieties such as Yuyu 22 or Suyujing No. 1, which thrive under sparse planting conditions. These varieties are well-suited for areas with sufficient sunlight and good drainage. For Chinese cabbage, choose early-maturing types that are resistant to low temperatures, diseases, and have a short growth cycle, such as Spring General or Spring and Summer King. These varieties are ideal for quick harvests and can withstand minor temperature fluctuations.
Sowing typically begins in mid-March. Corn seeds are sown and then covered with plastic film to retain moisture and warmth. The spacing between rows is set at 1.1 meters, with individual plants spaced 0.22 meters apart, resulting in a planting density of approximately 2,800 plants per acre. Meanwhile, Chinese cabbage is started in seedling trays or nutrient bags. After about 30 days, when the seedlings are strong enough, they are transplanted into the field. After transplanting, the area is watered thoroughly and then covered with plastic film to maintain humidity and protect young plants from cold.
By April 20th, two rows of Chinese cabbage are planted between the corn rows, with a spacing of 0.5 meters between rows and 0.4 meters between plants. This arrangement allows both crops to grow without excessive competition for nutrients and sunlight, resulting in about 3,050 cabbage plants per acre.
Soil preparation plays a crucial role in successful cultivation. It is best to use sandy loam soil that is deep, fertile, and rich in organic matter. Apply 2,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure per mu (approximately 667 square meters) and 50 kg of triple compound fertilizer. During the jointing stage of corn, apply 15 kg of urea per acre, and during the big bell stage, add another 25 kg of urea. In dry weather, irrigation should be done promptly after fertilization to ensure proper nutrient absorption. For cabbage, two top-dressing applications are recommended—during the rosette stage and the hearting stage—with 15 kg of urea per mu each time. Watering should be increased accordingly to support healthy growth.
Pest and disease management is also important. Common pests affecting spring cabbage include aphids and cabbage caterpillars, while diseases such as downy mildew, soft rot, and anthracnose can also occur. To control pests, insecticides like trichlorfon, terbufos, or chrysanthemum-based sprays can be used. For fungal diseases, fungicides such as Ruidushuang or thiophanate-methyl are effective. Additionally, aphids and corn stubble can be managed using products like Frigid. Regular monitoring and timely application of these treatments help prevent significant crop losses.
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