Pigs are often raised in close proximity, and when they share the same living space, diseases can easily spread. This has led to repeated infections and even death among the pigs, resulting in significant economic losses for farmers. To prevent such issues, it's essential to properly disinfect the pigpen before introducing new animals. Here are some effective disinfection methods:
**Disinfecting the Pig House**
Before applying any disinfectant, make sure the pig house is thoroughly cleaned. Remove all debris, dirt, and leftover feed. Once clean, use a 20% lime milk solution, 3% caustic soda, or 20% bleach to disinfect the area. Start from the walls, then move to fences, doors, windows, feeding troughs, floors, and equipment. You can apply the solution using a broom or, better yet, a sprayer for more even coverage. After disinfection, keep the doors and windows closed for 2 to 3 hours to allow the solution to work effectively. Finally, rinse the floor and feeding areas with clean water to remove any residue.
**Soil Disinfection**
For the soil around the pigpen, first clear away any feces, grass, or other contaminants. Then, remove the top layer of soil and sprinkle it with a 20% bleach solution or 20% lime milk. Alternatively, you can use 3% hot caustic soda. This helps kill pathogens that may be present in the ground.
**Disposing of Manure and Sewage**
Small amounts of manure and bedding can be buried deeply to prevent contamination. For larger quantities, composting is an effective method. Dig a shallow pit about 40 cm deep and 2 meters wide, depending on the volume of waste. Start by laying a layer of healthy manure at the bottom, then add the infected manure. Cover it with another layer of healthy manure and weeds, and finally seal the pit with a thin layer of mud. If the manure is too wet, add dry soil or chopped grass to balance the moisture. If it’s too dry, add some water to help the fermentation process. In summer and autumn, it usually takes about a month, while in winter and spring, it may take up to two months to fully decompose and disinfect.
For sewage from diseased pig houses, small amounts can be treated along with the manure during composting. If there is a large volume, add 2% quicklime powder or 0.2% bleaching powder to the total amount of sewage to ensure proper disinfection.
By following these steps, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of disease outbreaks and maintain a healthier environment for their livestock.
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