In some cases, farmers raised pigs in close proximity to other pigs without proper hygiene measures. As a result, the animals became infected again and even died, leading to significant financial losses. To prevent such issues, it's crucial to properly disinfect the pigpen before introducing new livestock. Here are effective disinfection methods:
**Pig House Disinfection**
Before applying any disinfectants, make sure to thoroughly clean the pig house. Remove all dirt, waste, and debris from the walls, fences, doors, windows, feeding troughs, floors, and equipment. After cleaning, use either 20% lime milk, 3% caustic soda solution, or 20% bleach for disinfection. Apply the solution using a brush or better yet, a sprayer for more even coverage. Start from the top and work your way down, covering walls, doors, windows, and other surfaces. Once the disinfection is complete, close the doors and windows for 2 to 3 hours to allow the solution to take effect. Afterward, rinse the feeding troughs and the floor with clean water to remove any residue.
**Soil Disinfection**
For the soil around the pigpen, first remove all feces, grass, and other contaminants. Then, dig up the top layer of soil and replace it with fresh earth. Next, sprinkle 20% bleach or 20% lime milk, or 3% hot caustic soda over the area. This helps eliminate pathogens that may be present in the ground, especially after an outbreak.
**Manure and Sewage Disinfection**
Small amounts of manure and bedding can be disposed of by deep burial. For larger quantities, a fermentation method is effective. Dig a shallow pit about 40 cm deep and 2 meters wide, with the length depending on the amount of manure. Begin by laying a layer of healthy pig manure at the bottom, then add the contaminated manure. Cover it with another layer of healthy manure and weeds, and finally seal the pit with a thin layer of mud. If the manure is too wet, mix in dry soil or chopped grass to balance the moisture. If it's too dry, add water to help the process. In summer and autumn, this method takes about one month, while in winter and spring, it may take up to two months to fully decompose and disinfect.
For small amounts of sewage from sick pig houses, you can mix it with manure for natural fermentation. However, if the volume is large, add 2% quicklime powder or 0.2% bleaching powder to the total amount of sewage for effective disinfection. These steps ensure a safer environment for the pigs and reduce the risk of disease outbreaks.
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