Live corn broadcasting techniques mainly include open field direct seeding, mulch film covering, pre-emergence mulch application, and the sowing of summer corn stalks. Among these, direct seeding in open fields is typically carried out when the ground temperature reaches 12°C. Sowing too early can lead to poor germination, weak seedlings, and uneven emergence, which ultimately affects yield. Proper soil preparation before planting is essential—fields should be smooth, soft, and finely tilled. After applying base fertilizer, furrows or ridges are made for sowing.
There are two main methods for mulch film application: first sowing and then covering with film, or first covering with film and then sowing. The first method involves sowing seeds, applying herbicides, covering the soil, and then placing the mulch film. This approach is suitable for various soil types and offers benefits such as rapid warming, improved emergence, and protection against rain. As plants grow and temperatures rise, the film should be removed promptly to avoid overheating. The second method, where the film is applied first, is only recommended for sandy loam soils.
When using mulch film, seeds must be directly placed on the surface of the film. Small holes are made in the film, and they should be tightly covered with soil to prevent air leakage and maintain internal warmth. Compared to open field sowing, mulch film helps retain heat, allowing earlier planting and faster maturation. It also maintains soil moisture, promotes root development, and reduces weed growth. This eliminates the need for frequent weeding, cultivating, and hilling, saving time and labor. Additionally, the film protects against pests like birds and rats, promoting better seedling establishment and increasing overall yield.
For full-season growth, all necessary fertilizers should be applied at once. If additional nutrients are needed, side-dressing or top-dressing can be done. Seeds soaked in mulch film should be germinated at 25°C until the sprout reaches 1 cm in length, and then sown after hardening off. Before planting, the field should be prepared with the mulch film in place, ensuring proper soil moisture. Immediately after sowing, the film is covered and compacted to maintain warmth. As the plants grow taller and temperatures increase, the film should be removed promptly to avoid overheat and ensure healthy growth.
Summer corn stalk broadcasting involves sowing seeds directly onto the remaining corn stalks after wheat harvest. This method ensures even coverage without gaps or missing areas. After sowing, herbicides are applied, and corn is planted once the seedlings emerge. Timely fertilizer application and loose soil cultivation help prevent weak or sterile seedlings, ensuring a strong and healthy crop.
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