Live corn broadcasting methods mainly include open field direct seeding, plastic film mulching, pre-emergence film covering, and the broadcast of summer corn stalks. Each technique has its own advantages and is suitable for different growing conditions.
Direct seeding in open fields should only be done when the ground temperature reaches 12°C. Sowing too early can lead to poor germination, weak seedlings, and uneven emergence, which ultimately affects yield. Before planting, the soil should be finely prepared—smooth, soft, and well-crushed. After applying the base fertilizer, furrows or ridges can be made, and seeds can be sown accordingly.
Plastic film mulching comes in two main forms: seeding first and then covering with film, or covering the field with film before seeding. The first method involves sowing seeds, covering them with soil, applying herbicides, and then placing the plastic film over the area while compacting the edges. This method works well on various soil types, offers faster warming, better emergence, and protection against rain. As the plants grow and temperatures rise, the film should be carefully removed to avoid damaging the young plants. The second method, where the film is placed first, is only recommended for sandy loam soils.
When using a plastic film, seeds are directly sown through small holes in the film. These holes must be tightly covered with soil to prevent air leakage and maintain optimal temperature inside the film. Compared to direct seeding in open fields, film mulching provides better insulation, allowing earlier planting and faster maturation. It also helps retain soil moisture, promoting root development and reducing the need for frequent watering. Under long-term coverage, weed growth is significantly reduced, eliminating the need for weeding and cultivation, saving both time and labor. Additionally, the film protects crops from birds and pests, supports healthy seedling development, and increases overall yield. Fertilizer is applied in full during the growing season, and if needed, it can be drilled or scattered later.
For seedlings grown under mulch, soaked seeds are placed in an oven at 25°C to germinate. When the sprout reaches about 1 cm in length, they are ready to be sown. Seedlings should be hardened off before planting. The field should be prepared with proper moisture levels before covering it with plastic film. After sowing, the film is immediately placed and pressed down with soil to maintain warmth. As the plants grow taller and temperatures increase, the film should be removed promptly to prevent overheating and ensure proper growth. Timely thinning of seedlings is also important to promote healthy development.
In the case of summer corn, live broadcasting involves sowing seeds directly onto the stubble of harvested wheat. This method is ideal when there are no gaps or missing areas after wheat harvest. Seeds are sown, herbicides are applied, and corn is planted once the seedlings emerge. Proper fertilization and loose soil cultivation are essential to prevent weak or sterile seedlings.
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