Flooding and excessive watering have caused damage to vegetable crops. When the damage is severe, seedlings may be completely destroyed. In cases of mild damage, diseases such as soft rot, blight, bacterial wilt, and viral infections tend to spread quickly under high temperature and humidity conditions. After a storm, it's crucial to drain water from fields promptly and refill with well water or deep river water to avoid washing away leaves. Following intensive farming practices—especially after irrigation, fertilization, or heavy rain—it's important to loosen the soil once to improve aeration and drainage.
During droughts, vegetables like pumpkins, loofah, peppers, and eggplants are prone to "melon failure" (inability to set fruit), while legumes like kidney beans and lentils may suffer from "phlegm" issues. To prevent this, provide shade for plants and ensure consistent watering. Water every 2–3 days using furrow irrigation in the early morning or evening, but avoid flooding. Keep the irrigation depth no more than half the trench depth. Regularly maintain soil moisture. Pests like cutworms and cabbage moths can cause serious damage and should be controlled immediately. High temperatures and drought can also hinder vegetable growth and tree development. After fruit set or during periods of poor growth, apply fertilizer 1–2 times per harvest, using decomposed manure or urea. Foliar sprays of 0.2%–0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 0.5% urea can also help.
If seeds are lost due to weather damage, replanting should be done promptly. Early autumn Chinese cabbage can be sown from late July to early August, and there's no need to wait for specific market conditions—once prices are favorable, planting can begin within a month. Summer radish is best planted in July, though it's more suitable for cooler regions. Due to high rainfall in lake areas, it’s not recommended for planting. Carrots can be broadcasted from early July to early August. Autumn beans should be sown from late July to early August, avoiding too early planting. Autumn cowpeas can be directly sown from July to early August. Autumn cabbage can be planted in shaded areas from early July to late July. Autumn cauliflower seedlings should be started mid-July to early August, using early or mid-season varieties for better results. Autumn tomatoes and peppers can be sown in mid-July, with seedlings for fall and late autumn varieties also possible around the same time. However, these may not have a price advantage compared to Hainan peppers, so they’re not highly recommended. Autumn celery can be grown from late June to early August, with seeds germinated in cool, moist conditions.
In August, several crops can be directly sown, including autumn cabbage, winter radish, garlic, zucchini, spinach, leeks, chrysanthemum, and alfalfa. For large-scale replanting, red pods, autumn lettuce, green onions, and autumn potatoes are good options. Red radishes can be planted in late August to early September. Autumn lettuce should be sown in mid to early August. Onion seedlings can be started at the end of August. Autumn potatoes are best germinated in mid-August and transplanted by late September. Small sweet potatoes are ideal for planting. This period offers a great opportunity for farmers to prepare for the next harvest cycle.
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