Zinc and sulfur are essential trace elements that play a crucial role in the growth, development, and reproductive health of livestock and poultry. These minerals are vital components of animal feed and cannot be omitted if optimal health and productivity are to be achieved.
When animals suffer from zinc deficiency—either due to insufficient levels in their feed or poor absorption—their health can deteriorate significantly. Symptoms include weight loss, thickened skin, and reduced fertility in breeding animals. Male animals may produce less sperm, while overall growth and reproduction rates decline. Without adequate zinc, livestock and poultry struggle to thrive, making proper supplementation an essential part of their diet.
To address this, zinc sulfate or zinc carbonate is commonly added to feed. The recommended dosage varies depending on the species and stage of growth. For example, pigs under 20 kg should receive 50–60 mg of zinc per kilogram of feed, while those weighing 20–50 kg require 20–50 mg. Pregnant sows need about 40–50 mg, and growing hogs over 50 kg may require up to 30–50 mg. For cattle, the amount ranges from 30 to 100 mg per kg of feed, while sheep need around 30 mg, and birds benefit from 50–100 mg. If symptoms of zinc deficiency appear, the dose can be increased by 50% to 100%.
In addition to zinc, calcium levels must also be carefully managed. Maintaining calcium content between 0.65% and 0.75% in the feed ensures better zinc absorption and overall effectiveness of the supplement.
Sulfur, another important mineral, supports protein synthesis in muscle tissue and enhances the quality of meat and other animal products. Sodium sulfate is often used to boost sulfur levels in feed, typically at a rate of 3–5 grams per kilogram of feed. This not only improves the nutritional value but also increases production efficiency. For instance, pigs gain 8–11% more weight, laying hens see a 20% increase in egg production, and wool production in rabbits rises by 12–18%. Dairy cows also benefit, with milk yield increasing by 1–1.4 kg per day and feed conversion efficiency improving by 60%. These benefits make sulfur supplementation a valuable practice in modern animal husbandry.
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