Unconventional feed ingredients are those feed ingredients that are used less often in formulas or that have less knowledge of nutrient characteristics and feed value. Unconventional feed ingredients are a relative concept. Feed ingredients used in different regions and different livestock and poultry diets are different. In a certain region or a diet, they are unconventional feed ingredients in another region or in another. The diet may be conventional feed ingredients. Unconventional feed ingredients are different from traditional feed habits. Common unconventional feeds include wheat bran, rice bran, bean dregs, distiller's grains, sweet potatoes, straw, and leaves.
Unconventional feed ingredients
Unconventional feed ingredients are mainly derived from agricultural and sideline products and food industry byproducts and are important feed resources. According to their nutritional characteristics, they are divided into four major categories: unconventional energy feed ingredients, unconventional vegetable protein feed ingredients, unconventional animal protein feed ingredients, and food industry by-products.
The characteristics of utilization of unconventional raw materials for livestock and poultry
Ruminants are more likely to use non-conventional feeds than monogastric animals. Pigs can use unconventional feeds better than poultry. Waterfowls can use unconventional feeds better than chickens, but waterfowls are more sensitive to feed poisons than chickens, and adult animals are more Young animals can better use non-conventional feeds. Due to the low nutrient concentration of non-conventional feed, the amount of livestock and poultry used for breeding should be higher than that of growing and finishing livestock and poultry (on the premise that there is no harmful ingredient for livestock and poultry used for breeding).
Reasonable use of unconventional feed ingredients
Because non-conventional feed ingredients have many limitations, they should be properly handled and adjusted according to the actual conditions of various feed ingredients. When used, pay attention to its nutritional properties, anti-nutritional components, physical properties, and economic value. To rationally use unconventional feed ingredients, the following measures must be considered to increase its nutritional value and feed efficiency.
Through appropriate processing, the physical properties of unconventional feed ingredients are improved, palatability and digestibility are improved, and the proportion of use in rations is increased. For example, the palatability of certain inferior feeds can be improved by fermentation, pulverization, puffing, or microwave treatment, and the digestibility of certain animal protein raw materials can be improved by adding enzymes to the pretreatment.
Feed ingredients containing anti-nutritional factors or toxicants are detoxified or detoxified by the use of certain additives or processing. For example, p-glucanase, xylanase, cellulase, etc. are used in diets containing non-starch polysaccharide-containing non-conventional feed ingredients and their by-products; in diets containing high levels of phytic acid, Phytase; In a cottonseed mash containing gossypol, ferrous sulfate and the like are added.
When using new non-conventional feed ingredients, it is advisable to directly analyze or assess the feed composition and energy value, especially the available nutrient content. For example, effective energy, effective lysine, available phosphorus, etc., or use or reference reliable feed data.
Formulation design, according to the non-conventional feed ingredients nutrient concentration, volume and harmful ingredient content, determine the maximum amount in the diet. For example, breeding stocks, laying hens, ducks and ducks can be used to properly increase the amount of low nutrient and bulk feed ingredients.
When designing the formula, pay attention to the nutritional characteristics of various raw materials, balance important limiting amino acids, and adjust the amount of vitamins and trace elements.
Common non-conventional feeds
Wheat bran wheat bran contains 8%-9% of crude fiber, and thiamine, niacin, and choline are the most abundant. Wheat gluten is soft and palatability is good. The use of wheat bran to feed the amount of livestock and poultry can not be too much, but can not be fed alone for a long time, otherwise it will easily lead to calcium deficiency in livestock and poultry. The appropriate amount of wheat bran used for feeding livestock and poultry is: the feeding pig cannot exceed 15% of the diet, the feeding chick cannot exceed 5% of the diet, and the laying hen cannot exceed 10% of the diet.
Rice bran contains rich oils and crude protein. Rice bran has high energy, but it is easily degraded during long-term storage. Therefore, fresh rice bran is used when formulating compound feed. For compounded feeds for pigs, the amount of rice bran should not exceed 30%. Otherwise, the pigs will diarrhea and the fattening pigs will easily form soft fat, resulting in poor pork quality.
Bean dregs Raw soybean dregs contain anti-trypsin. Anti-trypsin will hinder the digestion and absorption of protein by livestock and poultry. Therefore, it must be cooked and then fed, otherwise it is easy to cause diarrhea in livestock and poultry. Okara lacks vitamins and minerals, so it should be properly matched with refined, roughage and green feed, and the amount should not exceed 30% of the total amount of feed. Deteriorated bean dregs can never be fed.
Distiller's grains Distiller's grains are rich in crude protein, vitamin B, potassium, and phosphate, but they have low calcium content and alcohol residues. Therefore, they must be fed with green feed and compound feed, and should not be fed to pregnant animals.
Sweet potato and sweet potato contain 16%-26% of starch, nutrition is incomplete when fed alone, and it is not easily digested and absorbed by raw feed. Therefore, sweet potatoes should be cooked and mixed with compound feed and green feed.
The leaves of the leaves, willow leaves, eucalyptus leaves, etc. can be directly fed to ruminants such as cattle and sheep. For feeding pigs and chickens, they need to be processed into leaf powder and then mixed into the feed. Young leaves can be generally fed fresh (Amorpha fruticosa and peach leaves should not be fed). The large amount of collected leaves are dried in a timely manner, or dried, crushed with a dryer (at a temperature of 50°C-60°C), and then put into a plastic bag and stored in a cool and dry place. Green leaves can also be mixed with grass to make silage. Prunus edulis, walnuts, plum trees and other trees have bitter astringents and poor palatability. These leaves should be fed with appropriate amounts after silage or fermentation.
Straw and subshells are processed into powder by drying the straw and subshells of corn, rapeseed, rice and legumes. Soak in water for 8 hours to 12 hours before feeding. After softening, mix with green feed or compound feed. Straw and sub-shells can also be fed after alkalization, ammoniated silage and other treatments.
Pressure Compensated Emitter Products
Shandong Chunyu Water-saving Irrigation Equipment Co., Ltd., founded in 2011, is located in Laiwu High-tech Zone, Jinan City. It is a high-tech enterprise focusing on innovative and efficient emitter mold manufacturing and emitter product research and development and production. After nearly ten years of innovation and development, it is the invisible champion enterprise in Shandong Province, and now it is in a leading position in this field in China.
Spring rain people-oriented, build talent highland. At present, the company has 16 high, fine and advanced technical personnel, and cooperates with a number of scientific research institutes, forming a mold design, emitter testing, flow testing and other professional technical personnel team. In recent years, it has obtained 3 invention patents, 33 utility model patents and 3 patent awards. In 2019, it was identified as an intellectual property advantage enterprise in Jinan. It has undertaken 4 provincial science and technology innovation projects and won 2 second prizes of Shandong Science and Technology Progress Award. The company has built Jinan drip emitter mold engineering technology research center, the company has a slow wire cutting, CNC machining center, precision EDM machine, 3D projection measuring instrument, CNC engraving, laser engraving and other advanced processing equipment. Mature technology and rich experience support the excellent quality of Chunyu. Spring Rain pays attention to every link of production, implements 8S management, strictly controls the quality of products at the beginning, the middle and the end, and forms the seamless link of production management. The company has independently researched and developed flat emitter molds with full hot runner, cylindrical emitter molds with full hot runner and other products. With excellent quality, competitive price and good after-sales service, the company is well known at home and abroad, and has been sold well in Egypt, India, Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, the United States and other countries.
With the vision of "building a global professional emitter mold supplier" and the mission of "providing solutions for efficient and innovative production of global water-saving irrigation enterprises", the company takes "scientific and technological innovation to scale new heights; Keep improving, the pursuit of excellence; Honesty and trustworthiness, win-win cooperation "for the values of the enterprise. For the construction of water - saving and resource-saving society to make a positive contribution.
Pressure Compensated Emitter Products,Pressure Compensated Emitter,Button Pressure Compensation Drip,Pressure Compensation Emitter Mold
Shandong Spring Rain Water Saving Irrigation Equipment Co.,Ltd. , https://www.drippermould.com