The comprehensive prevention and control method of yam black spot disease is as follows: 1. Selection of disease-resistant varieties: When planting disease-resistant varieties, they should be rationally laid out, rotate every two to three years, and pay attention to the purification and rejuvenation of varieties. 2. Rotation: can reduce or avoid the stalk rot and root knot nematode damage. The non-infested crops such as corn, wheat, radish, and watermelon should be cropped at least once every 3 years; the old districts that cultivate yam all year round should be rotated once a year; the early-season crop rotation can be carried out in the areas where conditions permit, and the control effect is better. 3. Fertilization and irrigation: Chinese yam is a fertilizer crop. Organic fertilizer must be applied during soil preparation. Generally increasing phosphorus and potash fertilizers will help yam enhance its ability to fight pathogens. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can easily lead to plant growth, stem and leaf tissue soft, easy to get yam anthrax. The principle of watering is to “do not drip or dripâ€. When pouring water, use clean water. Be sure to pour water through the fields. There should be no accumulation of water in the fields. The rainy season should be drained in time to prevent root rot. 4. Field cleaning: weeding in the field is best done manually. The timely removal of the leaves and stems of the diseased yam can reduce the re-infection of pathogens. When the yams are harvested, the sick, weeds, and rot stalks left on the ground must be burned centrally or brought deep in the fields to reduce overwintering pathogens. 5. Chemical control: including chemical protection and chemical treatment. Chemical protection is to spray fungicide before the yam is not attacked to prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. Chemical treatment is to spray pesticides after yam infection, restore plant health or prevent the disease from expanding. It is recommended to use high-efficiency, low-residue, low-toxic and safe pesticides. Note that one month before harvest, avoid using drugs to prevent contamination of tubers and affect the quality of yam.
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