In order to implement the national soil testing and formulating fertilization project and solve the current situation of farmers' blind fertilization, the present guidelines for the fertilization, watering, and pest control of wheat in the spring are put forward for the reference of the majority of farmers.
First, watering From the perspective of water conservation, we advocate that wheat spring watered with two water, growing normal wheat field with frozen water. If soil moisture is good, you can not pour green water. Wheat spring and spring time should be in the jointing stage (late March to early April), spring and second water in the heading and flowering period (late April to early May), and the specific watering time is the amount of watering as the wheat seedlings soil moisture And set. If watering conditions are good, three waters can be poured when the weather is dry.
Second, fertilization
1. Select fertilizers: Low-yield wheat fields can be topdressed with single nitrogen fertilizers such as urea or ammonium bicarbonate; mid- and high-yield fertilizers are recommended for nitrogen and potassium topdressing for soil testing and fertilizer companies. Specifically for nitrogen and potassium fertilizer is based on the law of wheat need fertilizer, pay attention to consider the ratio of various nutrients and nutritional forms. Experiments have shown that due to the low content of potassium in most soils, the use of a single nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonium carbamide, the undeveloped wheat root system, and easy lodging. The use of nitrogen and potassium as a top-dressing fertilizer can promote the development of roots and lodging resistance of wheat, increase wheat drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance, increase grain weight, and increase yield. The same value of the input for the use of nitrogen and potassium top dressing than urea can produce 50-100 kg per mu.
2. The proportion and content of nitrogen and potassium topdressing: 30% (25-0-5), 30% (22-0-8), 30% (20-0-10), different potassium content depending on soil potassium deficiency Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. It is recommended to chase 25-30 kg per mu.
3, fertilization time: 1 pairs of weak seedlings wheat, spring management should be promoted mainly, combined with pouring back to Qingshui Hui green fertilizer, to the joints after the second time to pull out joint fertilizer. 2 For the common wheat fields, the spring management measures must be combined to promote control. The soil with low soil fertility can be top-dressed twice during the jointing stage of the upcoming period; for the soil where the soil fertility is higher, the strong and stable plots should be applied during the jointing stage, preferably after the fixed length of the first intercropping period of wheat. Shi. 3 For the prosperous wheat fields, the spring management measures must be controlled. Fertilizer should be applied late in jointing. Do not make excessive amounts of fertilizer so as to avoid late-maturing wheat.
Diseases and Pest Control The main diseases of winter wheat include five diseases, full-bleeding, sheath blight, powdery mildew, rust, and bushy dwarf; the main insect pests are midge, aphid, red spider, and brown planthopper.
1, wheat powdery mildew, rust, mu can be used 20% Trifenin emulsion 50 ml or 15% triadimefon 75 g wettable, 60-70 kg of water, spray control at the onset of the disease; 2, wheat full erosion, can be used mu 20% triadimefon EC 100 ml or 15% triadimefon 150g, 50-80kg water, in the period from the beginning of the wheat to the jointing period Shun ridge spray; 3, sheath blight, can be used in the early stage of the jointing of wheat 5 Percentage of Jinggangmycin water 100-150 ml, 50-70 kg of water, sprayed on the base of the wheat stem. 4, control of wheat stubble, can be used 50% per mu muddy mist WP 6 grams, 50-60 kg of water spray. 5, to prevent wheat spiders, can be used per acre with 1.8% avermectin 3000-4000 spray control, can also control SBPH, prevent Dwarf disease. In addition, attention should be paid to the control of wheat yellow dwarf disease, bushy dwarf disease, wheat leaf bee, and underground pests.
First, watering From the perspective of water conservation, we advocate that wheat spring watered with two water, growing normal wheat field with frozen water. If soil moisture is good, you can not pour green water. Wheat spring and spring time should be in the jointing stage (late March to early April), spring and second water in the heading and flowering period (late April to early May), and the specific watering time is the amount of watering as the wheat seedlings soil moisture And set. If watering conditions are good, three waters can be poured when the weather is dry.
Second, fertilization
1. Select fertilizers: Low-yield wheat fields can be topdressed with single nitrogen fertilizers such as urea or ammonium bicarbonate; mid- and high-yield fertilizers are recommended for nitrogen and potassium topdressing for soil testing and fertilizer companies. Specifically for nitrogen and potassium fertilizer is based on the law of wheat need fertilizer, pay attention to consider the ratio of various nutrients and nutritional forms. Experiments have shown that due to the low content of potassium in most soils, the use of a single nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonium carbamide, the undeveloped wheat root system, and easy lodging. The use of nitrogen and potassium as a top-dressing fertilizer can promote the development of roots and lodging resistance of wheat, increase wheat drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance, increase grain weight, and increase yield. The same value of the input for the use of nitrogen and potassium top dressing than urea can produce 50-100 kg per mu.
2. The proportion and content of nitrogen and potassium topdressing: 30% (25-0-5), 30% (22-0-8), 30% (20-0-10), different potassium content depending on soil potassium deficiency Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. It is recommended to chase 25-30 kg per mu.
3, fertilization time: 1 pairs of weak seedlings wheat, spring management should be promoted mainly, combined with pouring back to Qingshui Hui green fertilizer, to the joints after the second time to pull out joint fertilizer. 2 For the common wheat fields, the spring management measures must be combined to promote control. The soil with low soil fertility can be top-dressed twice during the jointing stage of the upcoming period; for the soil where the soil fertility is higher, the strong and stable plots should be applied during the jointing stage, preferably after the fixed length of the first intercropping period of wheat. Shi. 3 For the prosperous wheat fields, the spring management measures must be controlled. Fertilizer should be applied late in jointing. Do not make excessive amounts of fertilizer so as to avoid late-maturing wheat.
Diseases and Pest Control The main diseases of winter wheat include five diseases, full-bleeding, sheath blight, powdery mildew, rust, and bushy dwarf; the main insect pests are midge, aphid, red spider, and brown planthopper.
1, wheat powdery mildew, rust, mu can be used 20% Trifenin emulsion 50 ml or 15% triadimefon 75 g wettable, 60-70 kg of water, spray control at the onset of the disease; 2, wheat full erosion, can be used mu 20% triadimefon EC 100 ml or 15% triadimefon 150g, 50-80kg water, in the period from the beginning of the wheat to the jointing period Shun ridge spray; 3, sheath blight, can be used in the early stage of the jointing of wheat 5 Percentage of Jinggangmycin water 100-150 ml, 50-70 kg of water, sprayed on the base of the wheat stem. 4, control of wheat stubble, can be used 50% per mu muddy mist WP 6 grams, 50-60 kg of water spray. 5, to prevent wheat spiders, can be used per acre with 1.8% avermectin 3000-4000 spray control, can also control SBPH, prevent Dwarf disease. In addition, attention should be paid to the control of wheat yellow dwarf disease, bushy dwarf disease, wheat leaf bee, and underground pests.
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