Tomato virus disease and prevention methods

Symptoms There are three main symptoms to identify the disease: mosaic type, yellow and green leaves appear on the leaves or the depth of mottled, transparent veins, leaves slightly shrunken, plant slightly short; fern leaf type, plant dwarfed to varying degrees, from the upper The leaves begin to become linear in whole or in part, the middle and lower leaves are slightly rolled up, the corolla turns into giant flowers, and the streak type can occur on leaves, stems, and fruits. On the leaves are brownish mottles or moire, The vines are black-brown stripe patches, and the plaques are not deep inside the stems and fruits. In addition, giant sprouts, leaf curls, and yellow top symptoms are sometimes seen.

There are more than 20 kinds of pathogenic tomato virus disease, including tobacco mosaic virus (Tobaccco mosaic virus referred to as ToMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobacco leafroll virus (TLCV), and mosaic virus (AMV). Wait.

Tobacco Mosaic Virus is mainly responsible for the symptoms of tomato mosaics, and it can cause streak symptoms when mixed under high temperature and strong light conditions or when mixed with Xenovirus. Viral body rod, about 280nm15nm, toxic temperature 90-93°C for 10min, dilution limit 1000000 times, in vitro period 72-96h, pathogenicity under aseptic conditions for several years, survival in dry disease tissue More than 30 years. The virus has different strains in the field, and the diversity of symptoms is caused by the difference in its pathogenicity and the co-infection with other viruses.

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) mainly causes tomato cane leaf symptoms. The virus particles are globular and have a diameter of about 35 nm; the toxicant temperature is 65-70° C. for 10 min; the dilution limit is 1000-10000 times; the in vitro virus protection period is 3-4 d. Infection with other viruses can also cause streaks or mosaic symptoms, showing a variety of symptoms.

The pathogen is a mycoplasma-like organism that is found in the phloem, sieve and companion cells of tomato, nearly round or oval, dumbbell-shaped or irregular, 147-195nm240- 390nm, the unit film thickness is about 11nm.

Leaf-shaped diseased plants were caused by tobacco leaf curl virus (TLCV) infection, and their host range was relatively narrow. They mainly infect Solanaceae and Asteraceae. The virosomes are spherical in size, 25-30nm15-29nm in size; they are transmitted by the whiteflies and are not transmitted through the sap. They mainly occur in the high temperature seasons of high temperatures in the south or the north.

Alfaifa mosaic virus (AMV for short) is a bacillus-like organism with a diameter of 18 nm and a length of 58.3 nm. The host has a wide range of viruses. In addition to invading leguminous families, it also infects 47 families such as Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Licoraceae; the dilution limit of disease sap is 1000-100000 times, and the passivation temperature is 55-60°C. Period 3-4d.

There are variations in the above sources of poisons and in different seasons and years. In Beijing, ToMV mainly occurs in winter and spring, and CMV mainly occurs in summer and autumn greenhouse tomato; TMV is mainly before mid-to-late May, accounting for 31.1%, and after mid-May, CMV is mostly, accounting for 30%. In addition, PVX accounted for 0.8%, TMV and CMV combined infection accounted for 25%, and TMV and PVX combined infection accounted for 5.8%.

Occurrence of the tobacco mosaic virus can be overwintering on a variety of plants, can also be attached to the tomato seed, the sick in the soil winter, winter host residues in the field, after drying the tobacco leaves, tobacco can become the disease Incipient infection source. Mainly through sap contact infection, as long as the host has a wound, you can invade. Cucumber mosaic virus is mainly transmitted by aphids. In addition, inoculation with rubbing juice can also be transmitted. In winter, the virus is often overwintered on perennial weeds, and spring locusts migrate to pass through the virus, causing morbidity. The occurrence of tomato virus disease is closely related to environmental conditions, and generally high temperature and dry weather are conducive to disease occurrence. In addition, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, plant tissue growth is soft or thin soil, compaction, sticky weight and poor drainage disease. Tomato virus types often change periodically in a year, with a large proportion of tobacco mosaic virus in spring and summer and cucumber mosaic virus in autumn. Therefore, the prevention and control of production should be based on the source of the virus, and take appropriate measures to receive more satisfactory results.

Prevention and control methods To control tomato virus disease, comprehensive prevention measures based on agricultural control were adopted.

(1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties. In recent years, there have been many new breeds of anti-tobacco mosaic virus in China, Jiafen 15, Jiafen 17, Zhongza No. 9, Xianfeng (Qincai No. 1), Lanyouzaohong, Zhongfeng, 542 Pink Tomato, Su Kang 5, Su Kang 7, Dong Nang 702, 703, 704, Henan No. 3, Xin Fan 1, No. 1, Xi Fen No. 3, Jin Hong No. 1, etc., can be selected according to the consumption habits . Cucumber mosaic virus resistant varieties have hair powder 802, 542 pink tomato, Chinese vegetable 5 and so on.

(2) Seed disinfection. Soak seeds in fresh water for 3-4 h before sowing, then add 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 30-50 min, remove and rinse with water, regerer germinate, or soak with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 min.

(3) Rotate the land to clean the land. More than two years of rotation are required for planting the fields, and the combination of deep turning and conditional application of lime will promote the passivation of the virus in the soil.

(4) Adopt a number of fitness cultivation techniques such as formula fertilization to enhance the host disease resistance. Including appropriate sowing, timely early planting, early cultivating rush grass, timely soil to promote hair roots, late snoring, timely watering.

(5) In the early stage of onset, spray 1.0% of plant disease and disease emulsion 1000 times, or 20% of virus A WP 500 times, or antiviral (antivirus 1) 200-300 times, increase NS-83. Anti-agent 100 times, or 1000 times potassium permanganate solution.

(6) Early flood prevention, especially in hot and dry years, should be promptly sprayed to cure lice and prevent TMV infection. 20% chrysanthemum EC can be used 2000 times, 50% anti-inferiority WP 3000-3500 times in the surrounding control.

Lishida Balsamic Vinegar,which is brewed from high quality rice,sugar,salt and other ingredients,is usually used for dressing,marinating and dipping.With the special and fragrant vinegar,you can just add a little bit into dishes to enhance the taste.Warm welcome friends who owns supermarkets and restaurants for cooperation.

Balsamic Vinegar

Balsamic Vinegar,Balsamic Vinegar For Dipping,Balsamic Vinegar For Salad

KAIPING CITY LISHIDA FLAVOURING&FOOD CO.,LTD , https://www.lishidafood.com