1, broodstock selection
The broodstock can be selected from September to October in the previous year or from March to March in the same year. It requires a weight of 30-50g, complete appendages, health and disease-free, strong activity, male to female ratio of 2-3:1. Male and female lobsters have obvious features in appearance and are easy to distinguish.
A mature lobster, the male individual is significantly larger than the female;
2 The male dragons have large feet, and there are bright red soft ticks on both sides of the dragon feet. The female dragon feet are relatively small. There are no red soft ticks on most female feet.
3 The male gonopore opening was at the base of the 5th paired foot, while the female genital opening was at the 3rd paired foot.
4 Sexually mature females have enlarged abdomen and relatively narrow male abdomen.
2, broodstock cultivation
The broodstock pool area is suitable for about 1200m2, the bottom soil is preferably loam, the water depth is about 1m, and the pond width is more than 1.5m. There is ample and good water source, and the injection and drainage outlets are well-built, with plastic film or calcium around the pool. Plastic panels were built to prevent escape from the wall. The ponds were sterilized with 50-60 kg/kg of lime dry ponds for 7-10 days before stocking. After the disinfection, the water is filtered by the filter (the wild fish is prevented from entering the pond) and the water depth is about 1m, and the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is used to fertilize water of 500-800kg/mu. In the pool, people are provided with concealed objects such as branches, roots, bamboo tubes, etc., and some plants are transplanted.
The broodstock pool can be used to feed broodstock 40-60kg/mu, and 3% salt water is used for bathing for 10 minutes before stocking to kill pathogens. In order to make full use of the water body and regulate the water quality, 50-100 tails per mu can be mixed. During the cultivation period, fresh water grass, bean cake, wheat bran or compound feed can be fed and a part of animal feed can be added. Such as chopped snail meat, livestock slaughtered leftovers and so on. Daily feeding amount: March is 2%-3% of broiler weight, 4% to 5% in April, 6% to 8% after May, and 1 feeding each morning and evening, mainly in the evening. It accounts for 70% of the amount of bait. At the same time strengthen water quality management, change fresh water once every 10-15 days, change water 1/3 each time; use lime every day for 10-25g/m2 dipping water once to maintain good water quality, promote gonad development .
3, broodstock breeding
In April-May, when the water temperature is above 20, broodstock begin to mate. Fertilized eggs hatch into juvenile shrimp in the female's abdomen, and incubation takes 40 to 70 days. After juvenile hatching, the growth and development of juveniles are completed under maternal protection. When young shrimp leave the mother, they can take food and live independently. When a large number of juvenile shrimps are found in the breeding ponds, the seedlings should be harvested in time for the cultivation of shrimps.
4, winter broodstock
The lowest survival temperature of lobster is 5°C. However, when the water temperature is lower than 9°C, the mortality rate is high during the overwintering period for shrimps of about 3 cm in size, and although adult shrimps can survive, there are also many deaths after 2-3 months. Therefore, do a good job of wintering for broodstock and ensure that the water temperature during the winter is between 16°C and 18°C, which is also an important part of the breeding work.
The method of overwintering of broodstock is the same as that of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Commonly used wintering methods include plastic film-covered pool insulation method, electric heater heating method, hot spring water overwinter method, factory residual hot water overwinter method and glass room overwinter method, etc. The safe wintering effect of broodstock.
5, nursery technology
Although the amount of lobster eggs is small, but the fertilization rate can be more than 98%, the incubation rate can reach 80% to 85%. The problem is that post-emergence growth of clams is frequent and susceptible to environmental conditions that affect seedlings. To improve the seedling raising rate, the following points must be made:
1 Water quality requirements
During lobster breeding, it is necessary to keep the water body relatively stable, the water quality is fresh, the pH value is between 6.5-8, and the water temperature difference between day and night is prevented; the dissolved oxygen in the water should be kept above 5.6 mg/L.
2 water environment
The surface of the water must have a water lotus (1/3), the bottom of the water is best to have plants, and there are hidden caves to increase the attachment of shrimp seedling clam shell, but also easy to grasp the seedling time and shrimp growing situation. The water inlet is equipped with a fence and a filter to prevent the entry of predators into the pond, while preventing frogs from entering the pool and spawning eggs to avoid sturgeon. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the brooding shrimps from climbing.
3 strengthen inspection
Insist on checking the seedling emergence in the morning and in the evening. When the larvae are separated from the mother, catch the broodstock and return to the broodstock pool and then cultivate. Try to reduce the number of ponds to be stocked. Use special care to avoid brooding broodstock and newly hatched larvae. influences.
4 Guaranteed feeding
Timely cultivation of small zooplankton such as rotifers for newly hatched juveniles, it is estimated that 3-5 days before emergence, a small amount of small zooplankton will be caught from the feed-specific pool to enter the shrimp nursery pond. And use cooked egg yolk, soy milk and other timely feed supplements for young and young shrimp. (From "Liu Huachang," "Dragon Lobster" People's Daily Press, Beijing, May 2003, first edition)
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