There are many farming methods for common carp, including both main pond cultivation and polyculture of water areas such as ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and river ditch, as well as cage culture. The two techniques of pond main breeding and cage culture are highlighted here:
First, cage fish farming technology
1. Selection of water areas: Water reservoirs, lakes, rivers, and other waters with relatively stable water levels, little gaps, depths of more than 3 meters, flowing water or micro-flowing water, clean water, no pollution, and adequate dissolved oxygen should be selected, and live feeds must be considered. Fish cage culture is carried out where fish is readily available or where ponds are used to grow bait fish.
2. Set-up of cages: The cages of farmed eels are generally open-type cages without cover. The specifications are 471.6 m3 or 481.6 m3. The mesh is suitable for 1.5 cm. The material selection is 34 polyethylene lines and the bottom of the cages. Add a layer of polyethylene dense net, a top layer of shade net should be set. When the cage is installed, the cage should be put into the water 1.2 meters, leaving 0.4 meters exposed to the surface of the water, the bottom of the cage should be set to sink and should be more than 30 cm from the bottom of the water, above the use of bamboo or fir as a fixed frame and install the float in the four corners. The cages should be arranged in the shape of "one" or "goods", which is beneficial to the exchange of water bodies and increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the cages.
3. Selection of species and stocking of fingerlings: For common bream farming, common bream mouth puffer should be used. Stocks of stocked fish should be kept intact without injury or illness. Before stocking, apply 3%-5% saline or potassium permanganate solution to dip for 5-10 minutes before placing in the container. The stocking rate should be determined according to the specifications of the stocked fish species. The 4-6 cm fry species should be 30-40 tails per square meter, and the larger size fish species larger than 10 cm should be 20-25 tails per square meter. . The size of the stocked fish should be the same size, and the amount should be enough at one time.
4. Feeding and Feeding of Bait Fish: Before stocking, the fish should be produced and rationed according to the conversion coefficient of 6 kg of fish per 1kg of bait. The method of cultivating bait fish is the same as the method of cultivating summer fish and winter fish of conventional fish. The difference is that the specification of bait fish should be adapted to the specifications of catfish and ensure the palatability of bait. The body length of the fed bait should be less than 40% of the body length of the squid. It should not be fed when it is too large, resulting in waste. The daily feeding amount is about 15% of the body weight of the carp, which is usually fed once every 3-5 days. Before the feeding, 3%-5% of the salt water is used to dip the bait fish for 5-10 minutes to ensure that the bait is not Ill into the box.
5, daily management: First of all, we must adhere to the daily inspection box, pay attention to the water quality and the situation of the tank, timely feed fish, find the problem, and solve it in time; Second, we must maintain the environmental sanitation inside and outside the cage, remove floating debris, every 10-15 days Wash the cages on a regular basis to wash the boxes one by one to prevent foreign matter from clogging the meshes and causing oxygen deficiency in the tanks. Once again, we must do a daily production record. Finally, we must do a good job in the prevention and control of fish diseases.
6. Disease prevention and treatment: Catfish farming in cages has relatively few diseases. Common diseases include: hydromycosis, trichoderma, oblique tuberculosis, erythroderma, and gill disease. When preventing fish diseases, it is possible to spill around the cage with copper sulphate ferrous sulfate mixture, bleaching powder, etc. from time to time, or you can hang baskets (bags) around the cage. Each bag contains 100 g of copper sulfate and sulfuric acid. 40 grams of iron or 100 grams of bleaching powder, 3-6 per box, to form a dense drug area, can play a role in the prevention of fish diseases. Carp is susceptible to hydromycosis in the early stages of its entry into the tank and can be soaked in water for 5-10 minutes. It is effective in treating hydromycosis. In the spring and fall seasons, carp is susceptible to trichodinosis and caterpillar fungus. When a small amount of pathogens are found, it can be sprayed with 0.7ppm copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) to maintain the concentration for more than 2 hours. Or treatment with a 40 ppm formalin solution for 30 minutes.
Second, pond owners raise squid technology
1. Pond selection: The main pond for carp should be 3-10 mu. It is required to choose a newly opened pond with sunny leeward, sandy bottom soil, less silt, or no silt. The bottom of the pool should be flat, slightly inclined toward the outlet, the depth of water is 1.5-2 meters, the irrigation and drainage system is perfect, the water source is sufficient, fresh, no pollution, and the water quality is good.
2, pre-stocking preparation: before stocking, clear pond, and lime per acre with 100 kg of water Quanchiposa after disinfection, exposure 10-15 days, release 10 cm. Each pool should be equipped with a 3-kilowatt aerator, and at the same time, a bait fish pond that is 3 times the number of codfish ponds should be prepared around the main breeding trout pond.
3. Reasonable stocking: As the growth rate of the carp is fast, the summer fish of the year can be used to develop commercial fish. Therefore, the fish species are generally put in the middle and early June. Breeding species should choose fast-growing Aphrodisiac, stocking specifications are generally 4-6 cm per tail, but the size must be consistent and tidy, no disease and no injury. Fish stocks are bathed with 3%-5% saline solution for 10-15 minutes. The stocking density of fingerlings is generally 800-1200 tails/acre. In order to regulate the water quality of the carp pool, 20-30 fishes of white mullet species with a stock of 100 grams or more per mu should be stocked. After the fish species are stocked, appropriate amounts of water peanuts or water hyacinths should be put in the ponds of carp for the inhabitation of carp.
4, bait fish production arrangements: bait fish is generally selected long-barrel or spindle-type low-value fish, such as: plutonium, alfalfa, alfalfa, grass, alfalfa, alfalfa, alfalfa and so on. In the 15 days before the catfish stocking, the fish pond that has disappeared and the toxicity disappeared should be filtered and irrigated with 40-mesh sieved water 60-80 cm and 200 kg of basal fertilizer per acre. After 7 days, the baits for stocking and raising quail should be stored per mu. 80-100 million fish fish spray, after the daily soy milk or feed cultivation. After 7-10 days of feeding, when the bait fish reaches 1.2-2.0 cm, the catfish palatability is more than 4 cm. At this time, carp should be put into the carp pond. The daily feeding amount of bait fish is about 15% of the weight of carp, and it is usually fed once every 2-3 days. Before feeding, 3%-5% of salt water is used to dip the bait fish for 10-15 minutes.
5. Feeding and management: Feeding bait once every 3 days in the early and late period of breeding, and baiting once every 1-2 days in mid-term (high temperature period of July, August and September). Generally, the amount of bait per bait is 4 -5 times. In the initial stage of breeding, new water should be filled every 10-15 days. From July to September, as the water temperature rises, water is added every 5-7 days. During the entire cultivation period, lime is splashed once every 10-15 days, with a concentration of 15-20 g/m3 to regulate the pH of the water. At the same time, the time and number of times the aerator is to be turned on should be flexibly adjusted according to weather changes and water quality. When the squid is turned on and oxygenated in time when there is a thunderstorm or thunderstorm, it is found that the squid has spit out the bait fish and should immediately start aeration and refill with new water.
6, fish disease prevention and control: the prevention and control of carp disease than the breeding of fish should be more than prevention and treatment. In the production process, one must control water quality, often add water, change water, increase oxygen, and regularly spill lime; Second, often with bleach or copper sulfate and other drugs Quanchiposa prevention, so long as it can effectively prevent the explosive eel The disease occurred. Common diseases of salmon are bacterial gill disease and parasitic diseases such as trichoderma, slug, and ringworm. The control of bacteria and parasitic diseases can be splashed with 1 g/m3 bleach or 20 g/m3 formalin, 0.7 g/m3 copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) respectively. If parasites and bacterial complications occur, they should be sprayed with bactericidal drugs after killing the insects.
First, cage fish farming technology
1. Selection of water areas: Water reservoirs, lakes, rivers, and other waters with relatively stable water levels, little gaps, depths of more than 3 meters, flowing water or micro-flowing water, clean water, no pollution, and adequate dissolved oxygen should be selected, and live feeds must be considered. Fish cage culture is carried out where fish is readily available or where ponds are used to grow bait fish.
2. Set-up of cages: The cages of farmed eels are generally open-type cages without cover. The specifications are 471.6 m3 or 481.6 m3. The mesh is suitable for 1.5 cm. The material selection is 34 polyethylene lines and the bottom of the cages. Add a layer of polyethylene dense net, a top layer of shade net should be set. When the cage is installed, the cage should be put into the water 1.2 meters, leaving 0.4 meters exposed to the surface of the water, the bottom of the cage should be set to sink and should be more than 30 cm from the bottom of the water, above the use of bamboo or fir as a fixed frame and install the float in the four corners. The cages should be arranged in the shape of "one" or "goods", which is beneficial to the exchange of water bodies and increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the cages.
3. Selection of species and stocking of fingerlings: For common bream farming, common bream mouth puffer should be used. Stocks of stocked fish should be kept intact without injury or illness. Before stocking, apply 3%-5% saline or potassium permanganate solution to dip for 5-10 minutes before placing in the container. The stocking rate should be determined according to the specifications of the stocked fish species. The 4-6 cm fry species should be 30-40 tails per square meter, and the larger size fish species larger than 10 cm should be 20-25 tails per square meter. . The size of the stocked fish should be the same size, and the amount should be enough at one time.
4. Feeding and Feeding of Bait Fish: Before stocking, the fish should be produced and rationed according to the conversion coefficient of 6 kg of fish per 1kg of bait. The method of cultivating bait fish is the same as the method of cultivating summer fish and winter fish of conventional fish. The difference is that the specification of bait fish should be adapted to the specifications of catfish and ensure the palatability of bait. The body length of the fed bait should be less than 40% of the body length of the squid. It should not be fed when it is too large, resulting in waste. The daily feeding amount is about 15% of the body weight of the carp, which is usually fed once every 3-5 days. Before the feeding, 3%-5% of the salt water is used to dip the bait fish for 5-10 minutes to ensure that the bait is not Ill into the box.
5, daily management: First of all, we must adhere to the daily inspection box, pay attention to the water quality and the situation of the tank, timely feed fish, find the problem, and solve it in time; Second, we must maintain the environmental sanitation inside and outside the cage, remove floating debris, every 10-15 days Wash the cages on a regular basis to wash the boxes one by one to prevent foreign matter from clogging the meshes and causing oxygen deficiency in the tanks. Once again, we must do a daily production record. Finally, we must do a good job in the prevention and control of fish diseases.
6. Disease prevention and treatment: Catfish farming in cages has relatively few diseases. Common diseases include: hydromycosis, trichoderma, oblique tuberculosis, erythroderma, and gill disease. When preventing fish diseases, it is possible to spill around the cage with copper sulphate ferrous sulfate mixture, bleaching powder, etc. from time to time, or you can hang baskets (bags) around the cage. Each bag contains 100 g of copper sulfate and sulfuric acid. 40 grams of iron or 100 grams of bleaching powder, 3-6 per box, to form a dense drug area, can play a role in the prevention of fish diseases. Carp is susceptible to hydromycosis in the early stages of its entry into the tank and can be soaked in water for 5-10 minutes. It is effective in treating hydromycosis. In the spring and fall seasons, carp is susceptible to trichodinosis and caterpillar fungus. When a small amount of pathogens are found, it can be sprayed with 0.7ppm copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) to maintain the concentration for more than 2 hours. Or treatment with a 40 ppm formalin solution for 30 minutes.
Second, pond owners raise squid technology
1. Pond selection: The main pond for carp should be 3-10 mu. It is required to choose a newly opened pond with sunny leeward, sandy bottom soil, less silt, or no silt. The bottom of the pool should be flat, slightly inclined toward the outlet, the depth of water is 1.5-2 meters, the irrigation and drainage system is perfect, the water source is sufficient, fresh, no pollution, and the water quality is good.
2, pre-stocking preparation: before stocking, clear pond, and lime per acre with 100 kg of water Quanchiposa after disinfection, exposure 10-15 days, release 10 cm. Each pool should be equipped with a 3-kilowatt aerator, and at the same time, a bait fish pond that is 3 times the number of codfish ponds should be prepared around the main breeding trout pond.
3. Reasonable stocking: As the growth rate of the carp is fast, the summer fish of the year can be used to develop commercial fish. Therefore, the fish species are generally put in the middle and early June. Breeding species should choose fast-growing Aphrodisiac, stocking specifications are generally 4-6 cm per tail, but the size must be consistent and tidy, no disease and no injury. Fish stocks are bathed with 3%-5% saline solution for 10-15 minutes. The stocking density of fingerlings is generally 800-1200 tails/acre. In order to regulate the water quality of the carp pool, 20-30 fishes of white mullet species with a stock of 100 grams or more per mu should be stocked. After the fish species are stocked, appropriate amounts of water peanuts or water hyacinths should be put in the ponds of carp for the inhabitation of carp.
4, bait fish production arrangements: bait fish is generally selected long-barrel or spindle-type low-value fish, such as: plutonium, alfalfa, alfalfa, grass, alfalfa, alfalfa, alfalfa and so on. In the 15 days before the catfish stocking, the fish pond that has disappeared and the toxicity disappeared should be filtered and irrigated with 40-mesh sieved water 60-80 cm and 200 kg of basal fertilizer per acre. After 7 days, the baits for stocking and raising quail should be stored per mu. 80-100 million fish fish spray, after the daily soy milk or feed cultivation. After 7-10 days of feeding, when the bait fish reaches 1.2-2.0 cm, the catfish palatability is more than 4 cm. At this time, carp should be put into the carp pond. The daily feeding amount of bait fish is about 15% of the weight of carp, and it is usually fed once every 2-3 days. Before feeding, 3%-5% of salt water is used to dip the bait fish for 10-15 minutes.
5. Feeding and management: Feeding bait once every 3 days in the early and late period of breeding, and baiting once every 1-2 days in mid-term (high temperature period of July, August and September). Generally, the amount of bait per bait is 4 -5 times. In the initial stage of breeding, new water should be filled every 10-15 days. From July to September, as the water temperature rises, water is added every 5-7 days. During the entire cultivation period, lime is splashed once every 10-15 days, with a concentration of 15-20 g/m3 to regulate the pH of the water. At the same time, the time and number of times the aerator is to be turned on should be flexibly adjusted according to weather changes and water quality. When the squid is turned on and oxygenated in time when there is a thunderstorm or thunderstorm, it is found that the squid has spit out the bait fish and should immediately start aeration and refill with new water.
6, fish disease prevention and control: the prevention and control of carp disease than the breeding of fish should be more than prevention and treatment. In the production process, one must control water quality, often add water, change water, increase oxygen, and regularly spill lime; Second, often with bleach or copper sulfate and other drugs Quanchiposa prevention, so long as it can effectively prevent the explosive eel The disease occurred. Common diseases of salmon are bacterial gill disease and parasitic diseases such as trichoderma, slug, and ringworm. The control of bacteria and parasitic diseases can be splashed with 1 g/m3 bleach or 20 g/m3 formalin, 0.7 g/m3 copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) respectively. If parasites and bacterial complications occur, they should be sprayed with bactericidal drugs after killing the insects.
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