1. Deep application of nitrogen fertilizer is an effective method to improve nutrient efficiency and reduce losses. The depth of application can be adjusted depending on the amount of fertilizer used. For small quantities (5 to 10 kg per mu), it is recommended to apply the fertilizer at a depth of about 10 cm. When larger amounts are needed (20 to 25 kg per mu), the fertilizer should be placed deeper, around 15 cm into the soil. This helps ensure that the nutrients are available to the plant roots while minimizing volatilization and leaching.
2. Soil type plays a crucial role in determining the right type of nitrogen fertilizer. In calcareous soils with a high pH, which tend to be alkaline, it's best to use acidic or slightly acidic nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride. These help balance the soil's pH and make nitrogen more available to plants. On the other hand, in acidic soils, using physiological alkaline fertilizers like calcium nitrate can help neutralize the acidity and promote better nutrient uptake.
3. Crop type also influences the need for nitrogen. Cereal crops and leafy vegetables, such as rice, wheat, and tea, have a high demand for nitrogen throughout their growth cycle, so they should be prioritized for nitrogen application. In contrast, leguminous crops like soybeans and clover have natural nitrogen-fixing abilities through symbiotic bacteria, so they only require a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer at the early stages of growth.
4. Climate conditions significantly affect how crops absorb and utilize nitrogen. Under normal weather conditions, crops generally have strong metabolic activity and can efficiently take up and use applied nitrogen. Therefore, higher rates of nitrogen fertilizer may be appropriate. However, in unfavorable conditions such as drought or excessive rain, the crop’s ability to absorb nutrients may be reduced, so it's important to adjust the application rate accordingly.
5. Combining nitrogen fertilizer with other essential nutrients like phosphorus and potassium (NPK) is key to achieving balanced plant nutrition. Using organic fertilizers as a base fertilizer provides slow-release nutrients, while applying nitrogen as a top dressing ensures that the crop gets a timely boost during critical growth stages. This integrated approach not only improves yield but also enhances soil health and sustainability over time.
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