Selection and installation of ventilation equipment for broiler houses

The ventilation system in a poultry house is typically divided into mechanical and natural ventilation. When designing the system, it's essential to consider factors such as the broiler density, local maximum air temperature, and the need for even air distribution. To determine the required ventilation capacity, it's necessary to refer to standard ventilation rates per bird and calculate the total fan capacity needed. This helps in selecting the appropriate number of fans to ensure proper airflow throughout the building. Natural ventilation relies on windows and the natural wind or temperature differences. In North China, the total window area is generally about one-third of the building's floor area. For uniform air circulation, windows should be placed symmetrically and evenly. They can also be designed in two rows, allowing for adjustable ventilation depending on the needs. This setup enables both natural wind and temperature differential ventilation to be used effectively. During winter, windshields can be installed to prevent cold air from directly blowing onto the birds, maintaining a more stable indoor environment. The ideal window design includes three layers: an inner layer of wire mesh to prevent wild birds and pests from entering, a middle glass pane for insulation, and an outer plastic film for additional thermal protection during colder months. Mechanical ventilation is the primary method used in enclosed houses, especially when broilers are kept at high densities. It plays a crucial role in controlling temperature, humidity, dust levels, and overall air quality. There are two main types of mechanical ventilation systems: horizontal and longitudinal. Each has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice depends on the specific conditions of the poultry house. Horizontal ventilation is commonly used when the house length is less than 10 meters. It typically involves either a positive or negative pressure system. A positive pressure system uses fans to push fresh air into the building, increasing internal air pressure and forcing stale air out through exhaust vents. While this system improves air distribution and reduces hot spots, it is costly and complex to install, limiting its use in practice. On the other hand, the negative pressure system is more widely used. Fans are mounted on one side of the wall, while air intakes are located on the opposite side. Fresh air enters through these inlets, flows across the house, and exits through the fans. The system operates with slightly more exhaust air than intake, creating a slight negative pressure inside the house that draws in outside air. Air velocity is usually around 0.5 m/s in summer and 0.1–0.2 m/s in winter. The ventilation volume can be calculated using the formula: Ventilation volume (m³/h) = 3600 × Ventilation area (m²) × Airflow rate (m/s). For larger poultry houses—typically over 80 meters long and 10 meters wide—longitudinal ventilation is recommended. This system not only improves ventilation efficiency but also reduces installation costs. Fans are mounted on the side walls, with air inlets located on the opposite wall or gable ends. Fresh air is drawn in under negative pressure and flows through the entire length of the house before being exhausted. The fan surface should be angled at 100 degrees relative to the wall to increase efficiency by up to 10%. Air velocity ranges between 2.0 and 2.2 m/s, and fans are spaced 2.5 to 3.0 meters apart. During hot summer months, a wet curtain is often installed at the air inlet to cool the incoming air, further enhancing the cooling effect. Due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and superior performance, longitudinal ventilation is widely adopted in modern poultry farming.

PEM Hydrogen Gas Generation Inhaler

Q: Why hydrogen gas can use for health care?

A: The research on hydrogen in the field of biology can be traced back to the beginning of the 21st century. That said, hydrogen inhalation therapy is an emerging treatment method that has received a lot of attention.

In 2007, Japanese scholar Professor Shigeo Ohta reported for the first time in the journal Nature Medicine that hydrogen has a significant therapeutic effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Since then, more and more studies have shown that hydrogen has various biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis, and has potential therapeutic value for a variety of diseases.

Q: How does hydrogen gas work?

A: The hydrogen gas generator uses water electrolysis to gather hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, and the ratio is H2:O2=2:1. Hydrogen exists in nature as a diatomic molecule. It is the molecule with the smallest weight and volume in nature, and is the only substance known in nature that can selectively scavenge free radicals.

The mechanism by which it exerts its antioxidant response mainly includes the following aspects:

1. Unique antioxidant properties

1) Selective antioxidant: Hydrogen can selectively neutralize the most toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and nitrite anions (ONOO-), while reactive oxygen species with physiological functions such as superoxide anions (O₂⁻) , hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), etc. have less impact. This allows hydrogen to resist oxidation without interfering with normal physiological redox reactions.

2) High diffusivity: Hydrogen is the smallest molecule in nature and has extremely high diffusivity. It can quickly penetrate biological membranes and reach various parts of cells, including mitochondria, cell nuclei, etc., effectively remove free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage.

2. Regulation of oxidative stress-related signaling pathways

1) Activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway: Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) is an important antioxidant transcription factor in cells. Hydrogen can activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway, promote the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), etc., and enhance the cell's own antioxidant capacity.

2) Inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway: NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) is a key inflammatory signaling pathway that is activated under oxidative stress, leading to the release of inflammatory factors. Hydrogen can inhibit the activation of NF-κB and reduce the inflammatory response, thereby reducing the damage to cells caused by oxidative stress.

3. Improve mitochondrial function

1) Reduce mitochondrial free radical production: Mitochondria are the main place where energy is produced in cells and are also the main site where free radicals are produced. Oxidative stress can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased free radical production. Hydrogen can improve mitochondrial function and reduce the production of mitochondrial free radicals, thereby alleviating oxidative stress.

2) Maintain the stability of mitochondrial membrane potential: Hydrogen can maintain the stability of mitochondrial membrane potential, prevent the opening of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pores, reduce the release of cytochrome C, and inhibit cell apoptosis.

4. Regulate intestinal flora

1) The relationship between intestinal flora and oxidative stress: The imbalance of intestinal flora is closely related to oxidative stress. Unhealthy intestinal flora will produce a large number of harmful metabolites, such as endotoxins, hydrogen sulfide, etc., which can cause oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions.

2) The regulating effect of hydrogen on intestinal flora: Hydrogen can regulate the composition and function of intestinal flora, increase the number of beneficial bacteria and reduce the growth of harmful bacteria. Beneficial intestinal flora can produce substances such as short-chain fatty acids, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, thereby reducing the damage of oxidative stress to the body.

Q: What's the advantages of hydrogen gas inhalation therapy?

A:

1. High safety: Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic gas with no obvious toxic or side effects on the human body.

2. Strong antioxidant effect: Hydrogen can selectively neutralize toxic free radicals such as hydroxyl radicals and nitrite anions, reducing oxidative stress damage.

3. Significant anti-inflammatory effect: Hydrogen can inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and reduce inflammatory reactions.

4. Easy to use: The hydrogen inhalation device is easy to operate and can be used by patients at home.

Q: What health issues can hydrogen gas inhaler to promote?

1. Neurological diseases

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: Hydrogen can reduce neuronal cell death and inflammatory response caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and promote the recovery of neurological function.

Parkinson's disease: Studies have found that hydrogen can improve the motor symptoms and quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease.

Alzheimer's disease: Hydrogen may delay the progression of Alzheimer's disease through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

2. Cardiovascular diseases

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: Hydrogen can reduce myocardial cell death and arrhythmia caused by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and protect heart function.

Hypertension: Studies have shown that hydrogen can lower blood pressure and improve endothelial function.

3. Respiratory diseases

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Hydrogen can reduce the inflammatory response of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and improve lung function.

Asthma: Hydrogen may have a certain therapeutic effect on asthma, but current research is still relatively limited.

4. Metabolic diseases

Diabetes: Hydrogen can improve blood sugar control in diabetic patients and reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

Hyperlipidemia: Hydrogen may reduce blood lipid levels and prevent atherosclerosis.

5. Other diseases

Cancer: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen may be helpful in the treatment and prevention of cancer, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Skin diseases: Hydrogen can promote skin wound healing and improve skin inflammation.

For different using place, different health status, different treatment purpose, you may have different hydrogen gas inhaler model choice. For professional recommend, free to send us inquiry for more infos sharing.

 

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