First, pest control. This stage focuses on managing red and white spider mites, leaf miners, leaf roller moths, aphids, and early signs of leaf diseases. To prevent red and white spider mites, a 1.8% schizophyllan solution diluted at 5,000 times is recommended. For controlling red spider mites specifically, products like Acrus or Green Cyclone can be used. The most effective treatment for leaf miners is diflubenzuron at a 3% concentration. To manage leaf roller moths, insecticides such as Chrysanthemum or beta-cypermethrin are effective. For aphid control, imidacloprid is a commonly used agent.
Second, fertilization. Each tree should receive 50 grams of urea and 50 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Apply the fertilizer by digging 5–10 cm deep around the trunk, 30–40 cm away from the base, or create 6–8 small pits of similar depth. For smaller trees, dig 3–5 radial ditches around the base. After applying the fertilizer, water it into the soil if there's no rain. Additionally, spray the tree with a 300-fold dilution of urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days. Recently, combining urea with pesticide applications has proven beneficial in improving plant health and resistance to pests.
Third, tree management. Proper pruning and shaping are essential for healthy growth. First, remove any new shoots that are less than 50 cm tall from the ground. Second, when the central shoot grows longer than 60–70 cm, perform tip picking (also known as pinching) to encourage lateral growth. Third, manage secondary branches (competitive branches) near the center by softening the branch or bending other branches to change their direction. This helps reduce excessive growth and promotes stronger development of the central shoot. Once the central shoot reaches 7–8 nodes, the second bud can be removed. Lastly, if the central shoot is leaning or the young tree is not growing straight, install a support pole next to the tree and tie the central shoot or trunk to the pole to help it grow upright and maintain proper structure.
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