As temperatures continue to rise rapidly, cotton seedlings are growing at an accelerated pace. Since the beginning of June, they have begun to enter the budding stage one after another. This makes it a critical time for cotton field management. Farmers must remain vigilant, adapt their strategies according to local conditions, and implement integrated control measures to ensure effective mid-season management without missing the optimal agricultural window.
First, timely soil cultivation is essential. Cultivating the soil helps reduce moisture evaporation from deeper layers and encourages the release of available nutrients, which promotes healthy root development and faster growth. Improved soil aeration also helps suppress harmful bacteria, reducing the risk of diseases in the field. It's advisable to increase the frequency of cultivation, ensuring that the cultivator is deepened and widened appropriately, staying close to the mulch to improve overall quality. As the saying goes, "One inch deep and one dung on top"—this highlights the importance of proper soil preparation.
Second, applying bud fertilizer early can help accelerate growth. Due to the prolonged low temperatures in May, this year’s cotton seedlings were initially weak and less vigorous. However, with the recent temperature spike, many plants have started to grow more rapidly, with increased branching and longer stems. At this point, applying a balanced bud fertilizer will help compensate for nutrient deficiencies and promote stronger, earlier growth. It's recommended to use a three-in-one compound fertilizer, and based on recent soil tests, most soils have sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus but lack potassium. Therefore, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 3:1:3 is ideal.
Third, timely pest and growth control is necessary. Due to varying weather conditions, the growth of cotton plants has been uneven. Farmers should adjust their practices accordingly—encouraging slower-growing plants while controlling those that are growing too fast. Use safe and effective growth regulators sparingly to avoid over-control.
Fourth, watering should be done carefully. While some areas have received adequate rainfall, determining the right time and method for irrigation remains challenging. For fields with good water retention, light droughts can be tolerated. However, for areas with poor water-holding capacity, irrigation should be carried out when needed, but not excessively. After watering, it's important to cultivate the soil promptly to maintain its structure and prevent compaction.
Lastly, effective pest management is crucial. During the budding stage, the main disease to watch for is yellow wilt, while common pests include locusts, red spider mites, cutworms, and bollworms. In particular, the damage caused by cutworms has become increasingly severe in recent years and must be addressed with caution and timely intervention.
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