How to Apply Seed Coating and Its Benefits
Seed coating is an essential agricultural practice that helps protect seeds from diseases, pests, and environmental stress during germination. One common seed dressing formula includes 2.5% Shiloe Seed Coating Agent (10g), Tianda 2116 (for dipping and seed coating) at 12.5g, and 50% phoxim at 10ml, mixed with 100ml of water for 5kg of corn seeds. After drying, the seeds should be sown at a rate of 2–2.5kg per mu. This treatment effectively controls corn smut, seedling blight, sheath blight, aphids, and thrips, while also helping prevent mosaic disease and dwarfism.
Identifying and Managing Corn Leaf Spot Diseases
Corn leaf spot diseases, including large and small leaf spots, primarily affect the leaves and sometimes the leaf sheaths or ear husks. These diseases are often collectively called "corn spot." The symptoms of large leaf spot include lesions that start as small, water-soaked areas and rapidly grow into rhomboid-shaped spots up to 30 cm long. Over time, these spots turn grayish-blue, then brown, with dead centers. In humid conditions, black mold may develop on the lesions. Small leaf spot, on the other hand, appears as small, elliptical lesions, usually less than 1 cm in size, and is limited to two veins. The lesions have a darker border and tend to appear in larger numbers.
To manage these diseases, early application of fungicides such as 50% triadimefon, 50% thiophanate-methyl, or 50% TBV-2000 diluted 2000–3000 times, combined with Tianda 2116 at 600 times and Tianda Yufeng at 1500–2000 times, is recommended. Spraying 2–3 times, with intervals of 10–15 days, can significantly reduce disease spread. Using organic silicon additives improves coverage and reduces the need for reapplication after rain.
Preventing Corn Rust
Corn rust typically occurs during rainy summers. Early-stage control involves spraying 20% triadimefon at 1000 times dilution. After 10 days, a second spray using 10% triadimefon at 3000 times can help manage the disease. Combining these treatments with Tianda 2116 enhances effectiveness, and the use of organic silicon ensures better adhesion and longer-lasting protection.
Controlling Corn Seedling Blight
Corn seedling blight is a newly emerging issue. If infected plants are detected, a mixture of 99% Tiandaxymycin at 6000 times and Tianda 2116 at 1000 times can be sprayed. A second application after 10 days helps suppress the disease. Adding organic silicon improves efficiency and reduces the need for repeated applications, even after rainfall.
Managing Rough Dwarf and Mosaic Diseases
These viral diseases are transmitted by aphids and locusts. To prevent them, after seed dressing, spraying 3% acetamiprid at 2000 times and Tianda Yufeng at 1500 times during the four-leaf stage can help. If infection occurs, a combination of Tianda Yufeng at 1000 times and Tianda 2116 at 1000 times can be used. Organic silicon-based mixtures improve performance and reduce reapplication needs.
Herbicide Application Before Corn Sowing
Before planting, apply 50% acetochlor at 150ml plus 50% paraquat at 100g (or 40% Dangcao EC at 250ml) in 50kg of water. Ensuring even and timely application helps control weeds throughout the growing season. Mixing with organic silicon enhances coverage and reduces the need for reapplication after rain.
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