The cotton seedlings are growing rapidly due to the recent sharp rise in temperature. Since early June, they have started to enter the budding stage one after another. This makes now a crucial time for cotton field management. Farmers need to be proactive, tailor their practices to local conditions, and implement integrated management strategies to ensure proper mid-season care without missing any critical agricultural opportunities.
First, it's essential to cultivate the soil promptly. Timely loosening of the soil not only helps reduce moisture evaporation from deeper layers but also encourages the release of available nutrients, promoting healthy root development and faster growth. Improved soil aeration can also suppress harmful bacteria, reducing the risk of diseases in the cotton fields. Increasing the frequency of cultivation is recommended, with deeper and wider tilling near the mulch area to enhance soil quality. As the saying goes, “One inch deep and one dung on top.†This highlights the importance of proper tilling.
Second, applying bud fertilizer at an early stage is crucial. This year’s cotton seedlings were weakened by the prolonged low temperatures in May, resulting in weaker growth. However, with the recent temperature spike, the plants have started to grow more vigorously, with increased branching and longer stems. At this point, it’s advisable to apply bud fertilizer to compensate for nutrient deficiencies and encourage strong, early development. Use a balanced compound fertilizer, ideally a 3:1:3 ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Recent soil tests show that many soils are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus but lack potassium, so it's important to supplement with potassium.
Third, timely control of plant growth is necessary. Due to varying weather conditions, the growth of cotton plants is uneven. For slower-growing plants, extra care should be taken to promote development, while those growing too fast need to be controlled. Use growth regulators carefully and in small quantities to avoid over-control.
Fourth, watering should be done strategically. Although there has been some rainfall, it's still challenging to determine the right time and method for irrigation. For cotton fields with good water retention, light droughts can be tolerated. But for areas with poor water-holding capacity, irrigation should be done in advance to prevent damage. Avoid excessive watering, as it can lead to waterlogging. After watering, make sure to till the soil promptly.
Finally, effective pest control is vital. During the budding stage, yellow wilt disease is a major concern. Insect pests such as locusts, red spider mites, blind beetles, and bollworms also pose a threat. Particularly, the damage caused by blind beetles has become increasingly severe in recent years and must be addressed with caution. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are key to preventing serious losses.
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