Incense mushroom pest control technology

Agaricas brunnelens is a type of mushroom that has a brownish brown pigmentation and multifibrillar scales. It is named as brown mushroom or brown scale mushroom and belongs to Basidiomycotina. Mycetes, Agaricales, Mushrooms, and Mushrooms. Produced in the Bashang area of ​​Zhangjiakou, it is the first domestically famous cultivar that has been successfully found and cultivated in Bashang grassland. Xiangmu mushroom is known for its rich aroma, delicious taste, thick meat, rich nutrition, and unique flavor. It is known as "Prairie Pearl, King of Mushrooms".

However, in the living conditions and ecological environment for the growth and development of Tricholoma matsutake, the nutrient medium is rich in nutrients, and the cultivation space is relatively closed, dark and moist, and the temperature is not high or low. Under these conditions, the occurrence of pests and mites can easily occur. The yield and quality of Tricholoma matsutake bring about various degrees of damage. If you do not pay attention, you will lose economic benefits. Therefore, adopting a scientific and reasonable pest control method is an important guarantee for the high yield, high quality, and high efficiency of the production of Tricholoma matsutake. The pest control methods commonly used in the production of Tricholoma are described as follows:

1, ghost umbrella. Occurrences and common diseases such as crystal ghost umbrellas, hairy ghost umbrellas, black sweat ghost umbrellas, and manure umbrellas often occur in the cultivation of Tricholoma matsutake. Seven to fifteen days after the sowing of the mushroom, the spoiled umbrella will be harmed. Because the growth rate of the spooky umbrella is obviously faster than that of the mushroom, it invades the moisture and nutrients in the cultivation material, which results in the decrease of the production of the mushroom. Before its appearance, the mycelia and the mycelium of the esparto mushroom were difficult to distinguish. In order to avoid the occurrence of comatus, in the fermentation process to prevent the culture material is not fresh and the fermentation is not complete, the nitrogen content in the culture medium is too high, so the culture material to take the village to be fresh and not mildew, so as not to bring in bacteria, culture materials The ratio of carbon to nitrogen should be reasonable, and the amount of water in the material should be appropriate. Once a mushroom bed occurs, the mushroom bed must be removed before opening the umbrella so as not to spread the spores.

2, green mold. Green mold is one of the main hazards in the production of Tricholoma matsutake. It occurs 2-7 days after inoculation. The main manifestation is that after germination of the wheat germ, the mycelium does not germinate, the wheat grain turns green, and even spreads throughout the sowing layer. The reason is that the production site has high humidity and high temperatures. The prevention and control method is: to strengthen ventilation, cooling, reduce the humidity, in serious cases, the inoculation layer should be turned green to remove, re-seeding, also known as replanting.

3, dead mushrooms. Mushrooms in the mushroom house withered, yellowed, and finally died. Sometimes deaths occurred in batches. The reason for this is that when the fruiting body has only sesame or soy bean size, if the mushroom house encounters a high temperature above 23° C. and the time is long, the fruiting bodies will be killed in batches; the cold air will come and the mushroom bed will be heavily used. The temperature difference between the large culture material and the cover soil reduces the metabolic capacity of the fruit body, resulting in the death of the fruit body; inadvertent damage to the surrounding small mushrooms caused the local dead mushroom during picking. Control methods: 1 According to the characteristics of climate, reasonable arrangements for the sowing season, to avoid sudden high temperatures when the mushrooms come out of high temperature, should stop the water bed, night ventilation. 2 After the advent of cold air, no water will be used in large quantities. 3 When picking mushrooms, hold the mushroom cover and turn it to pull it up so as not to tilt the surrounding soil.

4, thin skin early open umbrella. The thin-skinned early-opening umbrella is a phenomenon in which the stalk of the fruit body is thin and the cover is thin and the umbrella is opened. The quality of the mushroom is poor. Causes: Material, material layer thin, too dry, overlying soil, lack of moisture; mushroom density, high temperature, fruiting body growth fast, mature early, bed dry. Control methods: 1 Moderate maturity of the culture materials, the material can not be too thin, but also maintain a certain humidity, the soil can not be too thin over dry. 2 prevention and control of dense mushrooms, do not spray the tidal water. 3 Mushrooming season, mushroom room should be ventilated in the morning or evening or night, lower room temperature, increase the surface of the cover soil moisture, increase the air humidity in the mushroom house.

5, rust spots. Rust spots appear on the mushroom cover. Occurrence reason: After the fruit body is unearthed, no water is sprayed on the surface of the mushroom body. The humidity in the mushroom room is too high, and the water on the surface of the mushroom body often has stagnant water. During the mushrooming period, the air is moist and hot, and the mushroom house temperature is higher than 18°C. Better happen. Control methods: After the watering of the mushrooming period, pay attention to the ventilation of the mushroom house, and then close the doors and windows after the water droplets evaporate on the surface of the mushroom body.

6, harm. The worm is a major pest of xiangkou mushroom and oyster mushroom. The larvae harm the mycelium and fruiting bodies. The yellow buds suffer damage and die. After the fruiting body is unearthed, the larvae concentrate on the mushroom root or spread to the whole mushroom body, making the mushroom body pale red. The insect not only affects the yield but also affects the quality. Control methods: 1 do a good job in environmental health, burned in time or buried in the loss of mushrooms. 2 Install screens in the ventilation holes of mushroom house windows and doors to block the worms from infiltrating. 3 chemical control. Hang a small cotton ball or strip of dichlorvos solution on the vents and the mushroom bed to expel the adults. 4 light trapping. Under the lamp, an iron pot filled with a solution of dichlorvos was placed to lure and kill adult insects.

7, damage. Arthropods belong to the Arachnidae of the arthropods, and the larvae can be taken from the larvae at the beginning of the larvae, which is the most harmful, which reduces the yield of the bacterium and results in a significant decrease in yield and quality. Hazardous characteristics: Feeding mycelium can eat up mycelium and young fruiting bodies when severe. Control methods: 1 do a good job of environmental health, strains cultivation room and mushroom cultivation field environment should be clean and hygienic, eradicate the contamination of bacteria. 2 Disposal of spent strains of bottles in a timely manner, timely sculpting or deep-buried waste, to eliminate breeding grounds for worms. 3 sugar water trapping: sugar water mixed with dichlorvos and in the soil, placed on a plastic film near the mushroom bed, to induce the aphid to come to eat sugar.

In short, xiang kou mushroom is a grass rot fungus, the so-called diseases are mainly contaminated with bacteria, and insect pests are mainly the genus Mushroom and the fleas. In the production, we should implement the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control” and scientifically manage rational drug use so that the production of xiangkou mushroom is not only high-yield, high-efficiency, but also high-quality and pollution-free.

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