In order to extend the service life of farm machinery, it's essential to implement the "four preventions" during the off-season. After completing field operations, the first step is to thoroughly clean the equipment. Remove all dirt, leftover seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and crop residues from the working parts. If necessary, rinse with water or apply oil to ensure all components are free from contaminants.
Next, inspect and clean all lubricated areas, then reapply the appropriate lubricant. For moving parts such as plowshares, plow walls, openers, and spade blades, wipe them with oil and consider using protective stickers to minimize air exposure. This helps prevent oxidation and rust.
High-precision tools should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area to maintain their accuracy and performance. Simpler implements like plows, rakes, and harrows can be stored outdoors but should be placed on elevated, dry ground away from direct sunlight. A simple shelter or scaffolding can provide additional protection. Any part that touches the ground should be supported by wood or bricks, and any damaged paint should be repaired to prevent further deterioration.
Wooden components are prone to decay, cracking, and warping due to moisture, fungi, and weathering. To protect them, coat the exterior with paint and store them in a dry location. This not only enhances durability but also maintains the structural integrity of the tools.
Rubber and plastic parts are vulnerable to aging caused by oxygen and UV exposure, which can lead to loss of elasticity or even cracking. To preserve these materials, apply hot paraffin oil to the surface, store them indoors on shelves, cover them with paper, and ensure good ventilation. Avoid exposing them to direct sunlight, as this accelerates degradation.
Finally, components like springs, drive belts, long shanks, and tires are susceptible to permanent deformation if left under stress or improperly stored. Provide proper support for the equipment so that tires don’t bear unnecessary weight. Loosen any tensioned springs or pressure points, remove drive belts, and store them in a dry place. Parts that are easily deformed, such as long knife bars, should be laid flat or hung vertically. Similarly, items like tires and seed tubes should be stored separately to avoid crushing or bending.
By following these steps, farmers can significantly extend the lifespan of their machinery and ensure it remains in optimal condition for the next season.
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