Longjing 43 is a nationally recognized tea clone developed by the Institute of Tea Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It features shrub-like growth, medium-sized leaves, and early budding characteristics. This variety exhibits strong disease resistance and adapts well to a wide range of growing areas. The plant lacks a distinct trunk and has dense branches with fewer buds and leaves. Spring shoots show small red spots on the buds. Germination occurs early, typically in late March in the Hangzhou tea region, with Longjing tea harvests beginning around the Ming Dynasty period. In southern Zhejiang, harvesting starts as early as March. Due to its early sprouting and short internodes, it is ideal for processing flat teas like Longjing and Qigun. The resulting tea has high-quality characteristics: buds are exposed, the color is green, the edges slightly yellow, the infusion is bright green, and the leaves are tender and uniform. It is also suitable for making high-quality fried green tea, with tight cords, a vibrant green color, a fresh aroma, and a smooth taste. The fresh leaves of spring buds and leaves contain 18.5% tea polyphenols, 3.7% amino acids, 4.0% caffeine, and 120.84 mg/g of total catechins.
Fu Yun No. 6 is an asexually propagated variety, recognized as a national thoroughbred. Developed by the Fujian Tea Research Institute, it is widely cultivated across provinces such as Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Jiangxi, and Suzhou. It has a small tree type, large leaves, and an early bud type. The plants are tall with a semi-open posture, dense branches, light green, and dull leaves. The shoots are tender and germinate very early, with one bud and one leaf appearing as early as mid-March. By late March, one bud with three leaves is ready for harvest. Each hundred buds weigh about 69.0 grams. It is well-suited for producing famous teas like Maofeng and Yinhao. Its appearance is delicate, the aroma is fresh, and the taste is mellow.
Fuding Dahe is another asexually propagated national variety, originating from Fuding County, Fujian Province. With over 120 years of cultivation history, it is known for high yield and quality, suitable for low-hilly red soil regions. It is a small tree type with large leaves and an early bud type. The plants are tall, with semi-open branches, and spring buds emerge in mid-March. By early April, the three-leaf stage begins. One hundred buds weigh 63.0 grams. The buds are covered with fine hairs, making it ideal for high-grade white teas like "Gray Needles" and "White Orchids." The finished product is green in color, without visible buds, and has a fresh chestnut fragrance. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 25.7% tea polyphenols, 4.3% amino acids, 4.4% caffeine, and 113.85 mg/g of catechins.
Fuding Dacha is a clonally propagated line, also a national thoroughbred, originating from Fuding County. With over 100 years of cultivation, it is widely introduced in provinces such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, and others. It is a high-yield and high-quality variety suitable for low-hilly red soil. The plant has a small tree type, large leaves, and early buds. The buds are sturdy, covered with silvery white hairs, and have strong tenderness. Spring buds appear in mid-March, and by mid-April, the three-leaf stage is reached. A hundred buds weigh 104 grams. It is used to produce various famous teas, including "White Silver Needles," "White Peony," and "White Hairy Monkeys." It is also used to create "Wuxi No. 1 Tea" by the Wuxi Tea Variety Research Institute. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 25.7% tea polyphenols, 3.5% amino acids, 4.3% caffeine, and 184.24 mg/g of catechins.
The cream is an asexually propagated variety, selected from the Hangzhou Tea Research Institute. It is cultivated in provinces such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Henan. It has a small tree type, medium leaves, and early buds. The shoots are upright, with yellow-green young shoots. Spring buds germinate in mid-March, and by mid-April, the three-bud stage is reached. A hundred buds weigh 45 grams. It is suitable for making "Maojian" tea. When processed, it produces tight cords, a green color, a high aroma, and a long-lasting flavor. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 30.5% tea polyphenols, 2.5% amino acids, 4.0% caffeine, and 157.54 mg/g of catechins.
Hairy Crab is asexually propagated and recognized as a national thoroughbred. Originating from Fumei Village, Anxi County, Fujian Province, it has over 80 years of cultivation history. It is a shrub type with medium leaves and buds. The plant lacks a clear trunk, and the branches are dense. Spring buds germinate in late March, with the three-leaf stage reaching mid-April. A hundred buds weigh 69 grams. The buds are dense and hairy, with short internodes, making them ideal for green tea production. The finished tea has tight cords, exposed buds, and a fragrant aroma. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 20.1% tea polyphenols, 3.0% amino acids, 4.0% caffeine, and 158.19 mg/g of catechins.
Early White Tip is a sexually reproduced variety, also known as Early White Britain. It originates from Qilian County, Sichuan Province. It is a shrub type with medium leaves and early buds. The shoots are open, and spring tea emerges around mid-March. Around March 20th each year, one bud and two leaves can be harvested. The buds are light green and hairy, weighing 33.5 grams. They are tender and suitable for making "Maojian" green tea. The finished tea has a beautiful appearance, tender buds, a fresh aroma, and a refreshing taste. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 27.3% tea polyphenols, 2.3% amino acids, 4.5% caffeine, and 172.95 mg/g of catechins.
No. 12 Chu Ye Qi is asexually propagated and a national thoroughbred, selected from the Hunan Tea Research Institute. It is promoted in provinces such as Hubei and Anhui. It has a shrub type, medium leaves, and buds. The tree is half-open, with spring buds emerging in late March. By mid-April, the three-leaf stage is reached, with a hundred buds weighing 70 grams. The buds are tender, yellow-green, and hairy. It is suitable for making famous green teas, with tight cords, silver revealing, and a fragrant, strong taste. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 36.1% tea polyphenols, 3.1% amino acids, 4.2% caffeine, and 200.80 mg/g of catechins.
Pik Yun is asexually propagated and a national thoroughbred, selected from the China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It is introduced in 12 provinces. It has a small tree type, medium leaves, and buds. The tree stands upright, with high branches. Spring buds emerge from late March to early April. By mid-April, the three-leaf stage is reached, with a hundred buds weighing 51.7 grams. The buds are green and hairy. It is ideal for making green tea, with tight cords, a green color, a high aroma, and a delicious taste. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 17.1% tea polyphenols, 3.4% amino acids, 3.7% caffeine, and 160.37 mg/g of catechins.
Sputum Tears 502 is an asexually propagated line, a national thoroughbred, selected from Litan Tea Research in Guizhou Province. It has a small tree type, large leaves, and an early bud type. The plants are tall, with an open posture. Spring buds emerge in mid-March, with a hundred buds weighing 84 grams. The buds are covered with many hairs and are tender. It is suitable for creating green teas in Guizhou. The finished tea has exposed buds, a strong taste, and a refreshing aroma. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 37.7% tea polyphenols, 1.1% amino acids, 3.0% caffeine, and 230.54 mg/g of catechins.
Ningzhou No. 2 is asexually propagated and a national thoroughbred, selected from Xiushui Tea Research in Jiangxi Province. It is cultivated in 12 provinces. It has a shrub type, medium leaves, and buds. The tree is open, with spring buds emerging in late March. By late April, the three-leaf stage is reached, with a hundred buds weighing 71 grams. It is suitable for making green tea in the Jiangxi region, with a fragrant and strong brewing ability. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 25.0% tea polyphenols and 41.7% water extracts.
Upper Meizhou is asexually propagated and a national thoroughbred, originating from Meiyuan County, Jiangxi Province. It is introduced in 12 cities and provinces. It has a shrub type, large leaves, and medium buds. The plant lacks a trunk, with an open posture. Spring buds emerge in mid-March, with the three-leaf stage reaching mid-April, and a hundred buds weighing 76.2 grams. The buds are green, with yellow leaves, fat and full. It is suitable for baking green tea, with high brewing intensity and strong resistance. It is especially suitable for local Jiangxi teas like "Cangyuan Emei." Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 19.4% tea polyphenols, 3.2% amino acids, 5.5% caffeine, and 130.23 mg/g of catechins.
Umbilica is a vegetative propagation line, a thoroughbred species in Zhejiang Province. It originates from Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province, and was developed by local tea growers. It has a shrub type, medium leaves, and special early buds. The branches are half-open, thin, and the leaves are green. The buds are light green and less hairy. It sprouts 7–10 days earlier than normal early varieties. It is suitable for making "Ming" flat tea. Spring tea is also suitable for high-grade green tea, with fine and tight strips, a high aroma, a bright yellow-green soup, and evenly formed leaves. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 17.6% tea polyphenols, 4.2% amino acids, 3.4% caffeine, and 103.81 mg/g of catechins.
Early Spring is asexual reproduction, a provincial-level thoroughbred from Fujian Province. It originated from Fuding County and was selected from individual strains of Fudingda tea. It has a small tree type, medium leaves, and special early buds. It has strong adaptability, a semi-developed tree posture, yellow-green leaves, and less shine. It has fewer buds and leaves with large buds and leaves. Typically, one bud and three leaves weigh about 100 grams. Spring tea sprouts 7–10 days earlier than Fuding White Tea. In Jinhua, Zhejiang, the harvest period is close to that of Ukrainian cattle. It is suitable for making flat tea.
Longjing is a vegetative propagation system, a thoroughbred species in Zhejiang Province, developed by the Institute of Tea Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It is cultivated in Zhejiang, Fujian, and other provinces. It has a shrub type, medium leaves, and early buds. The shoots are half-open, with yellowish leaves and a slight yellow tint. The buds are yellow-green, germinating in mid-March, 2–3 days earlier than Fuding Dacha. It has less velvety hair, large buds, and a hundred buds weighing 36.3 grams. It is ideal for making Longjing tea, with a high aroma and long-lasting flavor. It can also be processed into high-grade green tea, with a green, fine, and tight appearance, a lasting chestnut aroma, and a sweet taste. Fresh leaves of a single bud and two leaves contain 18.6% tea polyphenols, 4.0% amino acids, 3.6% caffeine, and 164.21 mg/g of catechins.
Fuyun 595 is an asexually propagated system, a provincial-level thoroughbred from Fujian Province. It is cultivated by the Fujian Tea Research Institute. It has a small tree type, large leaves, and an early bud type. The shoots are more erect, with strong top growth, green leaves, shiny, and slightly folded. The buds are green, thick, and covered with more hair. During processing, the hair does not easily fall off, making it ideal for famous teas like "Silver Needle" and "Mao Feng." It is also suitable for high-grade green tea.
White Worms is asexually propagated and a national thoroughbred. Selected from the Hunan Tea Research Institute, it has shrub-type growth, medium leaves, and early buds. The tree has a semi-open posture, with spring buds emerging in early March. The buds are yellow-green, covered with more hair, and a hundred buds weigh 42 grams. It has good cold resistance and is suitable for northern green tea trials. The processed green tea has a dark green appearance, a lasting aroma, and a fresh, mellow taste. Fresh leaves contain 27.2% tea polyphenols, 2.9% amino acids, 4.4% caffeine, and 174.20 mg/g of catechins.
Anhui No. 1 is asexually propagated and a provincial thoroughbred, selected from the study of Qimen tea in Anhui Province. It is cultivated in Fujian, Jiangsu, Anhui, and Henan. It has a shrub type, large leaves, and medium buds. It has strong cold resistance, an upright tree, and spring buds emerge at the end of March. By late April, the three-leaf stage is reached, with a hundred buds weighing 71 grams. The buds are stronger than the young ones. The young shoots are light green, and the tenderness is strong. It is suitable for "Maofeng" type green tea, with a high and lasting aroma and a fresh, mellow taste.
Xinyang No. 10 belongs to asexual reproduction and is a national thoroughbred, selected from the Xinyang Tea Test Field in Henan Province. It has a shrub type, medium leaves, and buds. Spring tea sprouts at the end of March, with the three-leaf stage in mid-April. The buds have green leaves, more hair, and strong cold resistance. It is suitable for processing "Maojian" teas in the Northern Tea Region. The tea has tight knots, a lasting chestnut aroma, and a fresh, cool taste.
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