Bitter leeks, also known as goose grass, August lettuce, and fat pig vegetables, are a popular type of green feed valued for their high yield, rich nutritional content, and excellent taste. They are widely loved by animals such as rabbits, sheep, pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, and even fish. These plants are not only easy to grow but also have low susceptibility to pests and diseases, along with strong regenerative abilities that allow them to be harvested multiple times a year. In some regions, they can produce over 15,000 kilograms per mu, making them an efficient and sustainable crop option.
Bitter leeks are drought-resistant and adaptable to various soil types, making them suitable for cultivation in different geographical areas. However, it's important to avoid continuous cropping. Instead, they should be rotated with legumes like beans or wheat to maintain soil health and reduce the risk of disease.
When planting, the seeds are small and delicate, so proper soil preparation is essential regardless of whether you're in the south or north. The plants have good regrowth ability after cutting, but they require a significant amount of nutrients, especially nitrogen-based fertilizers. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it's recommended to use 2,000–3,000 kilograms of Mushi glutinous rice as base fertilizer. For phosphorus-deficient soils, adding 20–30 kg of superphosphate is necessary. After each harvest, applying 5–10 kg of urea while loosening the soil helps maintain productivity.
Sowing typically takes place between late February and early May. Pre-soaking the seeds before planting can significantly improve germination rates. In the Yangtze River region, March to April is the ideal time. Drilling and sowing are the most common methods, with a seed rate of 0.5–0.7 kg per mu. The spacing should be around 25–30 cm between rows and 10–15 cm between plants, with a covering depth of 1–2 cm. In arid regions, watering after sowing is crucial to ensure proper growth.
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