Pregnancy and postnatal care for quails is a critical phase that requires careful attention to ensure the health of both the mother and the chicks. Before and after pregnancy, it's essential to provide a balanced diet rich in nutrients so that the quail builds up sufficient energy reserves. Once a pregnant quail shows signs of labor, she should be moved to a designated "birthing area." This area can be a glass bottle with about 40% moisture content in the sand at the bottom, along with 2-3 mealworm larvae to help with pre-labor feeding. The birthing space should be quiet and secure to reduce stress. It's best to place one pregnant quail per container to avoid overcrowding. Alternatively, a cement checkerboard pattern can be used as a breeding area, with each square holding one pregnant quail. These squares should be large enough to comfortably hold the mother and her offspring once they are born.
During the birthing process, it's important to keep the environment calm and undisturbed. Quails prefer a peaceful setting, and maintaining a quiet atmosphere helps them feel safe and reduces stress. This contributes to a high survival rate, typically around 95%, when proper care is provided.
After giving birth, the first peeling (molting) usually occurs between 6 to 8 days. At this time, the young quails become more active. During this period, three key factors should be carefully managed: humidity, food supply, and temperature. The moisture level in the nesting material should be kept between 40% and 50% to aid in the molting process, while the air humidity in the room should be maintained at 75% to 85%. Adequate food is crucial to prevent aggression among the chicks, and the temperature should remain between 28°C and 38°C to support their growth.
For the first 2-3 days after peeling, the chicks should be separated from the mother and fed with a mixture of powdered milk and water. A clean, non-toxic sponge can be used to soak the milk and placed in a plastic basin where the chicks can access it. If the temperature is high, the sponge should be changed every 2-3 days, and after washing, fresh milk solution should be added. Otherwise, the milk may spoil, which could harm the chicks. After the second molt, the quails can be moved to a larger pond, with approximately 3,000 birds per square meter. They should be fed soft, juicy yellow worms daily. As they grow, the density can be reduced to about 1,000 per square meter. With consistent temperature control between 26°C and 38°C throughout the year, the quails can reach marketable size within 12 months.
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