Summer is a season when various pests thrive, making it a critical time for effective pest prevention and control. Unfortunately, this period also sees frequent cases of crop damage due to pesticide misuse and poisoning incidents involving livestock and poultry. To ensure the safe production of vegetables during summer, reduce pest damage, lower pesticide residues, and safeguard consumer health, the following recommendations are provided:
First, monitor the activity of summer vegetable pests closely. Insects like *Spodoptera litura* and *Spodoptera exigua* become active during this time, primarily affecting cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese cabbage, as well as crops like beans, melons, and alfalfa. Field observations show that these larvae tend to cluster in early stages, but by the third instar, they disperse and cause more severe damage. Based on climate conditions, planting patterns, and population data, it's expected that these pests will be widespread across the country from late July to early August.
Second, prioritize eco-friendly pest management techniques. One effective method is the use of insect traps, such as pheromone lures, Oriental fruit moth lamps, blacklight traps, and sweet-vinegar pots. Studies in areas like Cixi, Ningbo, and Wenzhou have shown that these tools significantly reduce pest populations. They should be widely adopted in concentrated vegetable-growing regions.
Another strategy is the use of insect-proof nets. Covering greenhouses with fine mesh and using shade nets during high-temperature periods can help prevent pest infestations. Increasing water sprays during hot days can further support plant health and deter pests.
Manual removal of eggs and infested leaves is also an effective practice. Since young larvae often cluster, removing them promptly and disposing of them properly can greatly reduce their spread.
Finally, promote the use of bio-pesticides and low-toxicity, low-residue chemical pesticides. During the egg-hatching phase of pests, options like Bt (500 times dilution), 1% emulsifiable waxdar (3000–4000 times), 20% rice full suspension (1500 times), or 40% chlorpyrifos EC (1000 times) can be applied. It’s important to rotate pesticides to maintain effectiveness and prevent resistance. Spraying should be done in the early morning or evening during hot weather to avoid reducing the efficacy of the treatment. Regular applications every 5–7 days may be needed, depending on pest development.
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