In the summer, supplementary feeds are collected and transported in a concentrated manner. This process can be very exhausting for the cattle. If the carcass (body) is not well-nourished, it may lead to weakness or even collapse. Therefore, it's essential to prepare enough feed cakes for the cattle, with soybean cakes being the best option. Each day, you can mix 25 to 3.5 kg of pre-soaked soybean cake with water and then feed other forages to meet their daily nutritional needs. When managing this, ensure a sufficient supply of carbohydrates and add an appropriate amount of protein, such as 2.5 to 3 kg of cottonseed cake or poor-quality grain per cow per day, 1 to 2 kg of wheat bran or molasses cake, 10 to 20 kg of silage corn stalks or ammoniated straw, and always make sure they have access to clean, fresh water. Additionally, add 5 to 60 grams of salt to their daily feed.
During summer and autumn, when pesticides are frequently used in farmland, there is a risk of cattle poisoning if they consume contaminated grass. It’s best to avoid feeding any suspicious green grass or grazing in areas where pesticides were recently applied. Also, avoid feeding spoiled or leftover food scraps.
To protect against heat during the summer, keep the barn windows open to improve air circulation and reduce temperature and humidity. During rainy seasons, prevent cattle from being exposed to direct sunlight. Spray fresh water at noon each day (avoid using newly drawn well water) to cool them down and increase their appetite. If you notice the cattle breathing through their mouths, you can use cooled water to help lower their body temperature. You can also use a fan to help cool the cows while they are grazing.
In hot weather, provide plenty of drinking water to the cattle. They need more water than usual. Ensure that each cow has access to sufficient water throughout the day, and add 50 grams of salt to their drinking water daily. According to experiments, giving a cow about 2 kg of water at around 15°C can lower the rumen temperature from 39°C to 20°C for 1 to 2 hours, helping to maintain their comfort.
To prevent mosquito bites, you can spray 90% trichlorfon diluted 700 times to kill mosquitoes, or directly spray the cattle with the diluted solution. Alternatively, apply a thin slurry after the cattle have eaten to help relieve heat and discomfort.
The working time for draft animals should be carefully planned based on their size, weight, age, sex, the quality of the soil, terrain, and type of farm work. Each animal’s workload should be fixed, scheduled, and managed effectively. Pregnant cows should not be used for work two months before calving and should not be put back into service until one month after giving birth to allow for proper recovery. After each work session, clean the mud off the animals and remove dirt and debris from their hooves and feet.
To strengthen weak oxen and improve their vitality, which often leads to weakness and reduced energy, it’s important to add more nutritious feed. Here are some effective methods:
1. Mix 500 grams of soybeans and rice with water, grind them, add sugar and a small amount of salt, and feed the mixture to the cattle for 7 to 10 days.
2. Fry 250 grams of lard with 1000 grams of fresh leeks and 10 grams of salt, and feed it once daily for seven consecutive days.
3. Soak 500 grams of bark and chicken egg grass in 2.5 to 3 kg of human urine, and feed the mixture early in the morning and late in the evening for 7 to 10 days.
4. Boil 250 grams of black vine, 250 grams of blood vine, and 60 grams of Angelica in pork soup and feed it to the cattle for 3 to 5 doses.
5. Grind 60 grams of hawthorn, 20 grams of divine medicine, 30 grams of Poria tip, and 60 grams of quinoa root, mix with 20 grams of honey, and administer one dose daily for five days.
6. Prepare a powder mix of 250 grams of light lobster sauce (vegetable fry), Angelica, red dates, and Atractylodes, and serve it with 25 grams of lard as a primer. Administer this mixture seven times, once every seven days.
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