Proper temperature management is essential for the health and growth of brooding chicks. The ideal temperature for the first 1-2 days should be between 35°C and 33°C, then gradually decrease by about 2-3°C each week. By the time the chicks are 5-6 weeks old, the temperature should be around 21°C to 18°C. Maintaining a stable environment is crucial, as sudden changes can stress the birds.
In addition to monitoring the thermometer, observing chick behavior is equally important. When the temperature is just right, chicks will appear lively, eat well, drink moderately, sleep quietly, and often lie flat in a relaxed position. They should be evenly spread out in the brooding area.
If the temperature is too high, chicks will move away from the heat source, spread their wings, pant, drink more frequently, and show reduced appetite. On the other hand, if it's too low, they will huddle together, shiver, and make cold "squeaking" sounds, while also losing interest in food. Chicks are very sensitive to temperature changes, so it’s important to keep conditions stable and avoid fluctuations.
Temperature adjustments should also consider the time of day and weather. It’s usually warmer at night or during rainy or snowy days, so the temperature may need to be slightly higher. During the day, when it's warmer and chicks are more active, the temperature can be lower. Younger or weaker chicks may require a bit more warmth, while newly hatched chicks can tolerate slightly lower temperatures.
Humidity also plays a key role in chick health. It affects water evaporation, body heat regulation, and overall cleanliness. If the temperature is low but humidity is high, chicks may lose too much moisture, leading to dehydration. High humidity can also cause dust to accumulate, increasing the risk of respiratory issues.
When it's cold and humid, the environment becomes damp, making chicks prone to colds, wet litter, and digestive problems like coccidiosis. If the temperature and humidity are both high, chicks may feel stifled, lose appetite, grow slowly, and become more susceptible to disease.
To maintain optimal conditions, the chicken house should remain dry to prevent bacterial growth. However, the relative humidity shouldn't drop below 40%. For the first 10 days, aim for 60-65% humidity, and after that, 50-60%. If humidity is too low, you can spray water on the floor, walls, or corridors, or place water near heat sources to increase moisture. If it's too high, improve ventilation, raise the temperature slightly, change the bedding, and remove wet waste to keep the environment clean and dry.
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