In the initial phase of fertilization and garden planting, a base fertilizer is applied by incorporating 50 kg of chicken and duck manure along with 0.5 kg of superphosphate into the soil. In early March, seedlings are carefully removed, and their roots are soaked in a solution containing 800-fold diluted thiophanate-methyl, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ABT rooting powder to enhance root development. When the plants have 5-6 leaves, a first topdressing is applied using a 10% diluted fecal water solution mixed with 0.3% urea. A nitrogen-based topdressing is then applied every 15-20 days until the end of June.
By mid-July, 2 kg of composted manure and 0.05 kg of compound fertilizer are added to support growth. In early August, 0.1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied. Mid-October sees the application of 2 kg of cake fertilizer and 0.15 kg of phosphorus fertilizer as a base for the next growing season. From spring of the second year until late June, the focus shifts to nitrogen and phosphorus-based topdresses. After July, the emphasis is on phosphorus and potassium, with slightly higher amounts than the previous year, ensuring careful and controlled fertilization.
In late October, 40 kg of high-quality livestock manure, 0.25 kg of superphosphate, and 20 g of borax are applied to prepare for the third year's high yield. For trees that are 3-4 years old, the fertilization strategy includes early application of precipitating fertilizer, reapplication of strong fruit-promoting fertilizer, skillful use of color-enhancing fertilizer, and immediate application of Yang Fei (a traditional Chinese plant growth enhancer).
From late February to early March, 15 tons of human fecal urine are used as a nutrient source. One week after flowering, 20 kg of composted human urine is combined with 0.15 kg of sulfur compound fertilizer. During the fruit coloring period, 10 kg of 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used to promote even coloration. Immediately after harvest, each plant receives a root feed of 20% human urine mixed with 0.5% urea, which helps restore nutrients quickly.
In late October, 50 kg of high-quality fertilizer, 0.4 kg of superphosphate, 0.4 kg of bone meal, and 25 g of borax are applied as base fertilizer. Pest control and fertilization are combined, with foliar sprays applied every two weeks. Before flowering, a mixture of 0.3% urea and 0.1% borax is sprayed. During fruit expansion, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are used. As fruits begin to color, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied in advance to enhance quality and appearance.
For moisture management, seedlings are planted in deep trenches, and the garden’s drainage system—gutters and channels—is kept well-connected. Watering is done promptly when drought occurs, especially during fruit expansion and color development. Mulching under the tree canopy is used to protect fruit color during critical periods.
Pruning practices vary by season. In winter, the first-year plants are cut back to 60 cm on one main vine. In the second year, three main vines and 6-8 side branches are maintained. From the third to fourth year, pruning focuses on medium and short shoots, with one-year-old strong branches cut back to about 50 cm, and medium branches trimmed to 30 cm. Weak branches are left with 2-3 buds for rejuvenation. Unnecessary, overlapping, or sparse branches are also removed.
During summer, after new growth appears, a strong bud is selected for double budding. When new shoots have 7-8 leaves, they are tied and pruned. Secondary shoots are pruned to leave 2-3 leaves, encouraging further growth. Once flower spikes become visible, dense shoots are removed, leaving 15 shoots per square meter. Sparse flower spikes are managed, with 2 shoots for major ones, 1 for golden meandering branches, and weak shoots without flowers. Seven to 15 days before flowering, all panicles are cut back by 1/5 to improve fruit set.
Plant growth regulators are used at key stages. At flowering, a solution of 50 ppm 9200 + 10 ppm BA is applied. Ten days after flowering, ears are soaked in 50 ppm 9200 + 10 ppm KT-30. During the fruit coloring stage (when 5% of the fruit shows color), a 200-fold solution of KT-30 + glucose-enriched color solution is sprayed. These treatments significantly increase fruit weight, accelerate maturity by 5-7 days, enhance color, maintain quality, and prevent hard stems or threshing issues.
Pest control measures include spraying lime sulfur and sodium pentachlorophenol after winter defoliation. In spring, a weaker concentration is used. After leaf emergence, a Bordeaux mixture is applied alongside trichlorfon. Before flowering, a mix of sulfamethoxone, chlorothalonil, organic phosphorus insecticides, urea, and borax is used to control gray mold, black rot, and moths. Throughout the growing season, fungicides like Fumei and charcoal are alternated with insecticides such as organic phosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. After harvest, mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, and other solutions are alternated for effective disease and pest management. All sprays are done only after the rain has stopped.
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