1. Seedlings should be reseeded and inspected promptly after sowing. If any gaps are found, they should be replanted immediately to ensure a uniform stand. This helps in maximizing the yield and maintaining healthy plant growth.
2. Intercultivation is essential for peanut seedlings. It should be done using a cultivator to clear the area around the plants. The soil near the base of the seedlings can be gently sliced with a small trowel to create a "small nest," which allows the lateral buds between the two cotyledons and leaves to be exposed to the ground. This promotes better root development and makes weeding more effective.
3. In case of drought, peanuts should be watered using a sprinkler system rather than flood irrigation to avoid soil compaction. However, excessive rainfall can lead to waterlogged soil, low temperatures, and issues such as pod rot, which can reduce both yield and quality. Therefore, proper drainage and timely flood prevention measures are crucial during heavy rains.
4. Pest control is important throughout the growing season. For pests like earthworms, cockroaches, and beetles, poisoned soil or bait traps can be used. Alternatively, 50% phoxim diluted at 1500 times can be applied to the roots. Aphids can be controlled by spraying a solution of dimethoate or phoxim at 1500–2000 times dilution. Leaf spot and rust diseases are common in peanuts. For leaf spot, a 75% thiophanate solution diluted at 1000 times (70–80 kg per mu) or carbendazim at 800–1000 times (70–80 kg per mu) can be used. In the early stages, 20% triadimefon at 30–40 ml per mu is also effective.
5. To prevent premature aging, top dressing should be applied during the late growth stage. At this time, the root absorption capacity weakens, but the leaves remain active. If nutrients are insufficient, the upper leaves may fall off, leading to early decline of the stems and leaves. Spraying 0.2%–0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or a mixture of 0.3%–0.4% urea and superphosphate 1–2 times can help extend the leaf's functional period, prevent early aging, and improve fruit set.
6. Timely growth regulation is important during the flowering period. Apply 15% paclobutrazol at 20–25 grams or 10–15 ml of a growth booster agent per acre, mixed with 45 kg of water for spraying. When adjusting plant growth, consider factors such as vigorous growth, high planting density, fertile soil, high fertilizer use, and rainy weather. Spraying should be even and well-mixed to avoid over-concentration, which could cause phytotoxicity and reduce yield.
7. Harvesting should be done at the right time. Normally, when peanuts reach the final stage of maturity, most nutrients have been transferred to the pods. The plants will show signs of aging, with the tops stopping growth, the remaining leaves turning yellow, and the lower and middle leaves falling off. Most pods will have hardened husks, clear veins, full kernels, thinning seed coats, and should be harvested when the kernels are fully developed and true to variety.
Tiandy Technologies CO.,LTD , https://en.tiandy.com