The period from jujube to jujube deciduous to dormancy is an important period for jujube to restore its growth potential and increase storage nutrition. Jujube tree nutrition gradually increased during this period, and the tree growth potential was restored. Increasing the storage and nutrition of the tree will lay the foundation for the next year's tree production and high quality. This period should continue to strengthen the cultivation and management measures as follows:
First, to strengthen soil fertilizer management
1. Deeply to change the soil. In general, jujube trees are often planted on hillside, field ridges, and deserted beaches. The conditions for growing the land are poor, soil is slim, and soil improvement is important. When the soil is close to the freezing period, it is necessary to deepen the soil in the disk of the garden or jujube tree. The depth of the soil is 15-20 cm, and the unripe fruit drop, diseased leaves and weeds before the harvest are turned into the soil. Increases organic matter in the soil. The soil improves soil structure, promotes root growth, and eliminates wintering pests in the soil. 2. Leaf spray fertilizer. In the post-harvesting stage, spraying fertilizer on leaves will help delay leaf senescence, promote late leaf defoliation, enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves at the later stage of growth, increase nutrient accumulation, and increase storage nutrition. To supplement the nutrient fertilizer to the tree, you can spray 0.3% ~ 0.5% of urea and 0.3% ~ 0.4% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture, spray every 7 to 10 days, a total of 2 or 3 times. 3. Early basal fertilizer. After the fruit is harvested, the basal fertilizer should be applied as soon as possible, and the quality of the farmyard fertilizer must be applied. The mature tree can be applied to 100 kg of organic fertilizer, and the amount of ammonium bicarbonate and superphosphate can be 1 to 2 kg each. The amount of fertilizer applied to young trees can be reduced as appropriate. The basal fertilization method is mainly applied to the young trees in the form of annular furrows, which are applied in conjunction with radial furrows; the mature trees may be applied to the furrows or spread in shallow rows. 4. Pouring frozen water. After the fall of the jujube garden, it is necessary to irrigate the water once and for all in order to improve the anti-freezing ability of the roots and saplings in order to facilitate the safe wintering of jujube trees.
Second, control pests
1. After jujube deciduous, clear the garden in time. The deciduous, stagnant, rotten, and weeds in the jujube garden or under the tree where the jujube tree is planted are cleaned, buried deeply or burned, and the overwintering pests are reduced. 2. Scrape bark and catch eggs. Scraping the tree on the early winter, scraping bark cracks and spots on the branches. Combine shallow gardens, pick up overwintering pests and pests, and concentrate destruction. In winter, the overwintering eggs such as codling moths and moths on the tree can be caught and concentrated to kill. 3. The trunk is painted white. After the jujube deciduous, coat the base of the trunk and big branches with a whitening agent to remove overwintering germs and eggs. And can prevent freezing damage. The whitening agent was prepared by using 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur stock solution, 2 parts of clay, and 30-40 parts of water. 4. Spraying: After deciduous trees and before the sprouting of the leap year tree, spray 3 to 5 Baume degree lime sulfur or spray 100 to 200 times of solibar to control overwintering germs and eggs.
Third, shaping pruning
The pruning of jujube trees during the fruit period is mainly to solve the problems of poor ventilation and light transmission of the tree crown, empty emptiness of the internal organs, displacement of the resulting parts, sagging of branches, etc. Pruning should eliminate stubborn branches, thin and weak branches, endogenous cross branches, overlapping branches, and pests and branches; Strong growth results in normal trees, light shearing, to avoid clipping the jujube stock excessive shear, so as not to affect the yield. Weakly growing trees, pruning to restore tree vigor, and increasing the result area. Young jujube tree pruning is based on plastic surgery, crown expansion, and promoting early high yield. Aging jujube trees are mainly updated with pruning.
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