Autumn and winter season is a good season for hatching geese to raise geese. Due to the large size of the goose eggs, the artificial hatching rate is low. It is a big problem in hatchery production. Qingshen County, Sichuan Province adopted a bionic incubator to effectively increase the hatching rate and the rate of breeders. The relevant technologies are introduced below: The composition of the bionic incubator thermostat consists of a vertical incubator and a flat hatching kit. 1. Production of vertical incubator: Use a uniform stainless steel plate to make a cylindrical inner cylinder with a diameter of 40-55 cm and a height of 50-55 cm, plus an outer cylinder. Inside and outside the cylinder between 6 to 8 cm, forming a sandwich cylinder. The bottom is equipped with an inlet and a drain pipe with a diameter of 2 to 5 cm leading to the middle layer. Install a 0.5 cm diameter exhaust pipe along the box. A vent pipe with a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 5 cm is installed at the bottom and middle of the thermostat, and an overflow pipe with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a length of 5 cm is installed along the outer wall of the enclosure. There is a heat storage layer inside the box. The outer wall of the box has a thermal insulation material as a protective layer. Egg tray into a round sieve type. The diameter of the egg tray is selected according to the size of the box. The plate is 8 to 10 cm high, supported by wooden cards or wooden mats, and has 6 layers of egg trays. The quilt at the bottom of the vertical incubator lid is kept warm and the edge of the lid is 10 cm high. Three small holes are drilled into the center of the box cover to make it possible to check the temperature of eggs and adjust the temperature. 2. Production of flat hatching boxes: Made of stainless steel plate or lightweight metal plate, the outer layer is 150 centimeters long, 80 centimeters wide, and 28 centimeters high. The top and bottom are 6 centimeters apart. The outer wall and the inner wall of the box A bunk bed with a 3 cm separation. Inside the box, two lengths and widths can be placed on each floor to make it convenient to pick up, and a total of eight egg trays with a height of 6 cm are prepared. At the same time, sawdust insulation materials and gauze, single cloths and quilts covering the temperature of the egg are prepared. In the early stage of hatching, the goose eggs are incubated at a low temperature, and the eggs are hatched in a vertical box. The characteristics of uniform heat supply at the bottom of the vertical box and the surrounding storage heat are used to uniformly heat the various parts of the goose eggs; after incubation to 17 days The embryonic egg gradually increases from the temperature, and at this time, the goose eggs should be transferred from the vertical box to the flat hatching box. By adding hot and cold water to the flat hatching box, the temperature of the egg can be accurately adjusted within the required range; by raising, lowering, thickening, thinning, or opening the cover of the incubator, the mid and late stages are adjusted until the eggs are hatched. The need for oxygen supply, cool eggs, and humidification make it in a state of imitation of natural hatching. Not only does it significantly increase the hatching rate of goose eggs, but it also enhances the adaptability of goslings to the natural environment. Temperature and Humidity Control 1. Temperature: Because of the special structure of the shell membrane, egg shell, stomata and inner shell membrane of the goose eggs, the eggs are heated slowly at the early stage of incubation, and the lipid content is relatively high, and a large amount is produced in the middle and later stages. The physiological heat makes it difficult to dissipate heat. Therefore, in the hatching process, the principle of Schwarm is: pre-incubation of pre-incubation eggs at 36°C to 38°C, preheating for 5 to 8 hours, high early incubation, mid-term flat, and late Slightly lower, the hatching period is slightly higher, the temperatures are 1 to 7 days, 39 to 39.2°C, 8 to 19 days 38.5 to 39°C, 20 to 27 days 38 to 38.6°C, 28 to 32 days 38.6°C~ 39.2°C. 2. Humidity: The principle of controlling humidity is: two high, middle level, high humidity in the early stage, can make the eggs heat well, even; mid-term, is conducive to the metabolism of the embryo; to the late stage and the hatching stage, the purpose of raising the humidity is to Dissipate too much physiological heat to loosen the eggshell structure so that the oyster shells hatch. However, when the humidity exceeds 75% and the ventilation is poor, embryos can cause acidosis due to poor gas exchange and metabolism, resulting in the death of embryos. This is most noticeable. In practice, the temperature and humidity must be adjusted in conjunction with cool eggs and water spray, and the effects of seasonal placement and other environmental factors on the matching placement of the bionic vertical hatching box and the flat hatching hatching should be considered. Cool eggs and spray water 1. Cool eggs and water spray are effective measures to regulate temperature and humidity and have a great impact on hatching rate. With the matching vertical and flat hatchers, the flow operation can increase the shelling rate by 10% to 15% compared with the conventional hatching method. In the early stage of hatching, eggs are generally not cooled. According to the above-mentioned Schwenn program, the egg temperature in the middle and later stages can reach 38.8°C. The surface area of ​​the shell is relatively small, the pores are small, and the heat dissipation is slow. If too much physiological heat is not promptly emitted, it may cause the embryos to be suffocated in the eggs. Cold eggs can strengthen the gas exchange of the embryos and eliminate the build-up of heat in the eggs. Cool eggs 2 to 4 times a day, the length of cool eggs ranging from time to time, according to the situation, flexible control, when the egg temperature dropped to 35 °C and continue to hatch. 2. Water spray is currently considered to be the key to improving the hatching rate of goose eggs. Water spray function has three points: a, is to destroy the shell film. b. It is to promote continuous contraction and expansion of egg shells and shell membranes, destroy their integrity, increase permeability, accelerate water evaporation and normal weight loss of eggs, and allow the volume of the air chamber to expand and provide adequate supply. c. It is the crispness of the shell. The thickness of the shell of the goose egg is thick and the shell is hard. The former affects the evaporation of gas and moisture, and the latter hinders clam shells. The presence of the membrane on the shell is beneficial to the hatching head for several days. As the embryonic age continues to increase, especially when the allantoic membrane is closed and needs to absorb more oxygen and excrete a large amount of metabolites, it begins to Development of bad shadows, it is necessary to remove it, it is necessary to spray on the eggs hatched in 21 to 32 days (early spray on the allantoic disintegration). When the temperature is high, spray cold water; when the temperature is low, spray with warm water of 35°C to 40°C. Spray once a day, spray the eggs until they are soaked, and let them dry before hatching. Embryo eggs in the repeated cold eggs, water spray and the role of carbon dioxide in the air, the eggshell calcium carbonate into calcium bicarbonate, its nature from hard to crisp, goslings are easy to shell, can reduce the stillborn period of stillbirth . The frequency and angle of turning eggs can promote embryo activity. Prevent the contents from adhering to the eggshell and heat it evenly. The goose eggs are turned once every 8 hours during the incubation process. We believe that the angle of flipping the egg should be 180 degrees. This can ensure that the allantoic sac is closed at the small head on time. With manual or rolling type turning eggs, the upper and lower side hearts can be reasonably adjusted to meet the embryonic egg development requirements, and the hatching effect is very satisfactory. The effect of weight loss rate of eggs on hatching rate The weight loss of hatching eggs in the hatching eggs shows that they are fast, slow, and fast after hatching. If the evaporation of water is insufficient, the weight loss of the egg is small, and the air chamber is small, some embryos in the latter stage will die due to lack of oxygen, resulting in a decrease in hatching rate. The weight-loss rate of eggs has a certain influence on the hatching rate. The author believes that the frequency of eggs can be increased to monitor the weight loss rate of eggs and adjust temperature and humidity in time to ensure normal embryonic development.
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