Plum breeding methods

There are many kinds of plum propagation methods, and these commonly used methods are described below.

Sowing seeds directly seeding. It must be noted that sufficient mature fruits are collected from the mother plants with large fruit and small nucleus. Generally, it is better to plant seeds in autumn. The specific time can be carried out in late September. Pour enough water to cover it with fine soil or sand. When seedlings grow to 10 cm to 15 cm in the spring of the following year, they can be transplanted from seedbeds. If seeds are propagated in the spring, the seeds should be washed and dried and then sanded with wet sand. Plum trees that are bred with seeds are resistant to drought. Strong growth potential, suitable for planting on hillside. However, plum trees bred by this method are hereditary and unstable.

In addition to plum seedlings, rootstocks such as nectarine, camellia, plum, and apricot can also be used as grafted rootstocks, and plum anvils are the best. Can be overlapped or spliced, the so-called overlap, that is, the lower end of the scion and the root of the rootstock, are sharpened with a sharp knife into a horse-shaped, and then do one side of the alignment of the green skin, conjoined tightly; so-called splicing, about scion Cut the wedge at the bottom and pry the rootstock. Insert the wedge scion. Make sure to align the green skin and tighten it. Both lap joints and split joints use branching, usually before sap flow in early spring. During the growing period of plums, buds can also be used as root stocks for plum and apricot seedlings. That is, at the base of the stems of the rootstock, the buds can be used to draw a “T” shape deep into the xylem, gently picking up the skin, and breeding it. The buds on the branches of the plum variety, with slightly xylem, were cut into shield-shaped buds and quickly inserted into the "T"-shaped cortex on the rootstock. After 15 to 20 days, the buds of the scion had healed and the rootstocks could heal. Regardless of whether they are grafted or budded, they should be cultivated in the nursery for 1 to 2 years after being used for survival.

In order to quickly obtain large plum trees, wild plum seedlings or peach trees (4 cm to 6 cm in dry weight) can be used to transplant and then cut into fresh flowers. The next year, the fine plum varieties required for the new branches are exchanged. With peach as anvil, grafting is easy to live, and it is widely used in production. Commonly used buried root method, peach grafted plum blossom, fast growth, early flowering, but prone to "size feet" phenomenon after three years, can be grafted plum blossoms with peach anvil, grafting growth for a year, all planing, colonization, The grafting site was lower than the ground level, 4 to 7 cm into the soil, cut a few holes in the plum grafting site with a razor blade, and reached deep into the xylem, and mixed the mud wound with 25 ppm ABT rooting powder No. 2 solution liquid. Recibel 15 cm to 25 cm, pay attention to protection. After one year of growth, plum trees can grow roots. After the plum trees grow, they can form two layers of roots. The upper layer is the plum root and the lower layer is the peach anvil roots. Roots work and the roots are removed so that plum blossoms can maintain normal growth.

Cuttage cutting and cutting plum blossom is easy to operate and the technique is not complicated. The cutting rate is improved by using 500 mg of indole acetic acid or 1000 ppm of naphthaleneacetic acid to improve the survival rate. Rooting is also promoted for hard-to-root varieties. The cuttings of plum blossoms are better in November, so when the leaves are fallen, the branches are well stocked and easy to root and survive. Choosing a thick branch with a length of 10 cm to 12 cm a year for cuttings, most of the branches will be buried in the soil when cutting, leaving only two or three centimeters on the soil surface and leave one bud outside. The cuttings are required to have loose soil and good drainage. After the cuttings are poured, they are poured with water once and covered with plastic film. This can maintain a small range of temperature and humidity, improve the survival rate of cuttings, and after a year of survival, gradually give ventilation to adapt to the environment, and finally remove the film. The third year of spring can be transplanted.

Batten layering should be carried out from February to March. Select one to two years old shoots. Cut two to three knives under the branches pressed into the soil. Be careful not to cut too deeply. If the injured xylem will affect the rooting, after the rooting in the fall, Can be cut into new plants. The high pressure method is often used to reproduce large seedlings and bloom in the early spring of the next year. In the rainy season, proper shoots may be selected on the mother plant, loose plastic mixed soil (such as peat plus water hoe), and the two ends tight, keeping humidity. About one month later, the rooted person can cut an incision under the bead and deep into the middle of the shoot. After one week, he cuts it off.

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