Phellinus atrophy

The symptoms are also called dystrophy, vicissitudes, cat ears, and Tasang. Distributed in the country's planting mulberry districts, many areas after the 1970s outbreaks. Occurred in the summer after the early fall, early in early May, 6 August into the peak incidence. The diseased tree died after 2 or 3 years, and the serious diseased plant rate reached 60%, which forced the entire mulberry garden to be destroyed. On the morula, the mulberry leaves at the top of the mulberry stalks were thinned and the veins were thin. The mulberry leaves curled slightly to the back, the leaves were yellow, and the axillary buds were early-onset. The incidence of moderate leaf shrinkage is more obvious, more serious backward curling, yellow thick color, internode shortening, leaf disorder, collateral small and many, not seated mulberry. Severe onset of thin leaves like a cat's ears, axillary buds continue to germinate, twigs clustered, like a cocoon. It usually begins with a single branch and spreads to the whole plant.

The pathogen Mycoplasma-like organism is abbreviated as MLo, which is called mycoplasma. Under the electron microscope, there are mycoplasma in sieve cells, which are of different size, round to elliptic, about 80-950 nm in size, no cell wall, cell membrane is a unit membrane, and the thickness is about 10 nm. The inside is full of nuclear-like fibers. The disease was poisoned by Hishimonoides sellatiformis Ishihara and Hishimonas sellatue Uhler.

Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens overwinter in the main roots of mulberry trees, and they reach the branches and leaves in May of the following year. They spread through the virus-infected insects, the insects of the leafhoppers of the virulence and the mimicry leafhoppers. Grafting is carried out during the mulberry growth period, regardless of rootstock or scion, as long as the disease can spread. The process of transmission of Rhizoma leafhoppers is that the pathogenic strains of mycoplasma are inhaled into the esophagus by the leafhoppers and reach the intestine through the stomach, then permeate through the intestinal wall into the hemolymph, and then into the salivary glands, when the diamondback leafhoppers When the needle is inserted into the cell or intercellular space of the mulberry health strain, the saliva is gelatinous and becomes a tendon sheath around the oral needle. The oral needle is pulled out. The pathogen in the tendon sheath enters the mulberry body, and after proliferating for a certain amount, the disease is manifested. . Generally, more than three instar nymphs and adults of two diamondback moths on the diseased mulberry juice can be bred for 2-4 days. After about 20 days of proliferation, they begin to transmit disease. Once the virus is acquired, the virus is transmitted for life. In the mulberry field, the quasi-Melopharynx spp. has strong virulence, and it has a high rate of transmission of poisons in the 4th generation of the year, and its proportion is 36.6%-72.7%. The virus transmission rate of the first and fourth passages of the leafhopper was 2.4–19.3%. The virus transmission rate of the 2nd and 3rd passages was low or not transmitted. Production can be spread from the middle of June to October, including the peak of the transmission of poisons in mid-September and the incubation period of 20 to 300 days. In the early summer or early autumn, the symptoms of the disease in the current year, early symptoms, severe symptoms appear after the summer harvest. In the late autumn and late autumn, when the disease was hidden or not, hidden symptoms were not observed until the following summer. The length of the incubation period and the severity of the disease are related to the mulberry variety, temperature, and time and extent of mulberry harvest. Large red species, fire mulberry, Husang 32 disease severity.

Prevention methods Strengthen the seedling quarantine, and strictly protect the disease-free areas or disease-free mulberry fields. (1) It is forbidden to transport diseased seedlings, scions, and rootstocks into disease-free areas and new planting mulberry areas. Newly built mulberry gardens should have their own disease-free seedlings. (2) The selection of plants suitable for the local disease-resistant varieties such as the sapling area north of the Yangtze River can be selected according to local conditions to promote election 792. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui can choose to use No.2, Yuyu 237, head lotus leaf white, Husang 199 and other disease-resistant varieties. (3) Adopt detoxification technology to cultivate saplings. (4) Strengthen the management of mulberry fields, such as spring rejuvenation, proper use of summer autumn leaves, increase of organic fertilizers, adoption of formula fertilization techniques, scientific application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, enhancement of tree vigor, and improvement of disease resistance. The mulberry garden with an incidence rate of less than 30% was inspected for the disease from July to September. It was found that the diseased plants were excavated in time. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly prevent and treat both the diamond-border leafhopper and the leaf-edge leafhopper, and focus on the work of pruning eggs in winter. (5) Timely spraying eliminates poisonous insects and cuts off transmission routes. The first medication is generally applied in the middle or late April, spraying 80% of dichlorvos EC and 50% of malathion EC 1500 times, to control the generation of leafhopper nymphs. The second medication should be sprayed with 90% crystal trichlorfon 3000 times to prevent and control 1 generation of adults after the summer harvest. The third time in the September-October period, when the silkworms of the middle and the autumn were over, the 90% crystals of dipterex 2000 times were used to control the 3rd and 4th generations of adults. (6) The mulberry field with a diseased plant rate higher than 306d should consider removing the diseased tree and replanting it.

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