There are more than 230 species of turtles in the world, belonging to 72 genera and 11 families. Except for South Pole, they are distributed all over the world. Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) alias crocodile turtle, small crocodile turtle, turtle, American snake turtle, flatback snapping turtle, etc., produced in the United States. In 1997 our country began to introduce.
First, the characteristics of snapping turtle
1. Feeding technology is simple. Snapping turtles are freshwater habitat turtles, such as lakes, rivers and pools. The living environment does not require high standards. The water temperature is higer than 10 degrees, hibernating below 15 degrees, 15-17 degrees can still be a small amount of activity, normal eating above 18 degrees, 20-33 degrees as the best activity, eating temperature, 34 degrees or more With a small amount of activity, we can avoid the heat in the bottom and in the sand. Under artificial feeding conditions, gardens, ponds, cages, etc. can be raised.
2, the growth rate of rapid data show that: Snapping turtles in the breeding density of 8000 g / m2 of high-density stocking conditions, the growth rate of 5.99 grams daily gain. However, the growth rate of freshwater turtles in China is slow. Take turtles and Chinese sturgeons as examples. The growth rate of them is l-3g.
3, spawning more than 55 kg of snapping turtle turtle eggs can be 70--80, 3 kg of snapping turtles can spawn about 30: weight 15 kg snapping turtle can spawn about 20, and weight O.5--l Dry grams of turtles and Chinese sturgeons spawned only about 10-12 eggs.
4, high meat content Because the crocodile turtle plastron is very small, armpits, armpits exposed part more, so more meat. The 500-gram turtle was also compared with the snapping turtle. When removing the carapace, plastron, and internal organs (the bone was not removed), the snapping turtle weighed 364 grams, the meat rate was 73%, and the turtle had a meat weight of 282 grams. The meat rate was 56. %, it can be seen that the snapping turtle has a higher prevalence of meat.
Second, the development and status quo of snapping turtle breeding industry
In 1997, Snapping Turtles were introduced as pet turtles and introduced a small amount of seedlings and larvae. Because the crocodile turtle has a single body color, people do not realize that the snapping turtle has the advantage of rapid growth, so the price is low, and the snapping turtle seedlings are sold for only 30-40 yuan each. In 1998, some farmers and turtle-lovers, after feeding for more than half a year, gradually realized that the crocodile seedlings not only had the characteristics of rapid growth, but also had the characteristics of simple breeding technology, high meat content, plus the Chinese wolfberry market, slippery, and price. In the fall, some Chinese sturgeon farmers are looking for suitable projects. Snapping turtles and Chinese sturgeon have similarities in their husbandry methods and pond requirements. As a result, some Chinese sturgeon farmers have turned to snapping turtles to make snapping turtles market demand. Sudden increase, the price rises, each snapping turtle seedlings 70 - 90 yuan, only 400 - 500 yuan per kilogram of adult. By 1999, some of the saplings that were farmed in 1998 had been raised for more than half a year and were weighed in the range of 900--1000 grams. The farmers benefited a lot. In addition, the prices of snapping turtles rose again as a result of the publicity of various media. Snapping Turtle seedlings are as high as l00--120 yuan each, and adult snapping turtles are 50D--560 yuan per kilogram, and the supply is insufficient. In the spring of 2000, local farmers, farms, and even some state-owned aquaculture farms used the snapping turtle as an investment project in 2000, resulting in the shortage of snapping turtles on the market, causing the prices of snapping turtles and snapping turtles to rise again. July 2000 , Snapping Turtle seedlings each 150 - 170 yuan, species of snapping turtle 540 - 600 yuan per kilogram. At present, there are only sporadic points relating to the high-level breeding techniques of snapping turtles (Wang Yufeng, 2000) and artificial rearing techniques (Zhou Ting, 1999, Wang Yufeng, 1999, Lin Jiayi, 1999), and there has been no report on the breeding of snapping turtles. It can be seen that there are fewer farms and fewer fish farms in China. Therefore, the domestic snapping turtle breeding industry is still in its infancy.
Third, a few issues that should be noted Snapping Turtles is a new breed of freshwater aquaculture that combines food, ornamentals, and medicinal use. The development of farmed snapping turtles, small investment (can be used to raise a horns), and high efficiency, especially the ecological breeding mode of snapping turtles, has broad application prospects and merits great promotion. At the same time, the snapping turtle breeding industry has just started, and there are no mature experiences in breeding techniques, breeding techniques, feed, etc. Therefore, the following problems should be noted in the development of farmed snapping turtles.
l. Species Identification Snapping turtles are classified into two species, Macroclemys temminckii and Chelydra serpentina. The hatchlings of the two snapping turtles are similar in appearance and are difficult to distinguish between breeders. The difference between the shape of the turtle and the juvenile snapping turtle The giant crocodile turtle Macroclemys temminckii The snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina The body weight 8-10 grams 4-7 grams The upper jaw resembles the olecranon shape, the hook is like a hook shape, but the hook is small and the tentacles head, neck, belly There are innumerable tentacles with only a few backs. Each scutellum has projections. Ribs shields. Slightly elevated plastrons. Brown, dark brown, upper margins, shields, no tails, short, long, and slightly shorter, 1998. The price of the introduced giant saplings was as high as 1998. 250--350 yuan, farmers reared, found that no snapping turtles grow fast, therefore, the price of giant crocodile turtles all the way down, in June 2000, when the giant snapping turtles were only 90 - 140 yuan. Surge, and snapping turtles in short supply, and some suppliers to replace snapping turtles.
2. After the source of the Snapping Turtle was sold out, it attracted the attention of some breeding companies. They organized sources from various sources, including illegal entry. Snapping Turtle Seedlings are transported over long distances and have a long dehydration time. The health of Snapping Turtles is affected. Although the price of these snapping turtle seedlings is low, the turtle's constitution is weak and its survival rate is low. Therefore, when purchasing the Snapping Turtle Seedlings, we should learn more about the source and physical condition of Snapping Turtle Seedlings and avoid economic losses.
3. Feeding density and water temperature Feeding density and water temperature directly affect the growth of snapping turtles. Some farmers believe that the higher the stocking density, the higher the yield, but the snapping turtle is not like this. Relevant data reported that the best growing water temperature range for young snapping turtles is 28--31 degrees. Under the same conditions of appropriate water temperature and feeding conditions, when the stocking density was 800 g/m2, the young snapping turtles averaged an increase of 5.99 g per day, and when the density continued to increase to 92O0 g/m2, each day The average weight gain was only about 5.3 grams (Wang Yufeng, 2000). It can be seen that the suitable breeding density for young snapping turtles is 9200 g/m2.
4. Disease prevention Snapping turtles are easier to keep than other turtles. However, under conditions of large-scale high-density rearing, it is not appropriate to observe each turtle's condition. It is necessary to frequently check the pool and make prevention work. The daily management work adheres to the principle of prevention as the main and treatment as the supplement.
Fourth, the development prospects
1, the favorable conditions for breeding snapping turtles (1), snapping turtles on the breeding site requirements are not high, courtyards, ponds, balconies can be raised. No matter how the pond is raised, the size of the water body can be raised in cages. If turtle ponds are reared for snapping turtles, there is less investment, low cost, and low risk. (2) From the perspective of food and medicinal use, Snapping Turtle has a broad prospect for development. (3) Snapping Turtles are turtle species with the highest percentage of meat contained in turtles. They have the characteristics of fast growth, easy feeding, and high meat content, and are recognized as high-quality edible turtles.
2. How big is the Snapping Turtle Market? (l) Currently, Snapping Turtles are only reared on a small scale in a small number of places and cannot reproduce. Most farmers are indecisive and still wait and see. If the previous investment in rearing snapping turtle farmers once benefited, it will drive a large number of farmers to invest in snapping turtles. The demand for snapping turtles will increase rapidly and the prices will increase. It can be seen that the snapping turtle market has great potential. (2) How big is the Snapping Turtle Market? Looking at the domestic market, please look at a survey of the sales volume of China in the 16 large and medium-sized cities (Table 2). Table 2 Survey of daily sales of Chinese sturgeon in 16 large and medium-sized cities (tons/day) Urban daily sales Urban daily sales Urban daily sales Urban daily sales Guangzhou 20 Harbin 1--2 Kunming 1--2 Wenzhou 3--4 Hangzhou 5- 6 Urumqi 1--2 Lanzhou 1--2 Beijing 3-4 Shanghai 5-6 Xi'an 1--2 Shaoxing 1 Wuhan 3 Shenyang 3--4 Nanjing 1--2 Shenzhou 0.5 Xiamen 2 years sales 16740---l8900 From In the table, we can see that the market situation in China is relatively good and the sales volume is gratifying. At the same time, it also shows that there is a great potential for digging the edible and medicinal markets in China. Turtles have the advantages of rapid growth, high spawning, and high meat content. They are not replaceable by other turtles or even crickets. Therefore, turtles use more than Chinese sturgeon and other turtles in food, ornamentals, and medicinal purposes. Therefore, the snapping turtle market has broad prospects and has great potential for breeding.
V. Concluding remarks At present, China's breeding industry has experienced price fluctuations. Farmers are looking for breeding projects that are profitable, have great potential for production, and have good prospects for development. However, breeding turtles are meeting the above conditions. Snapping turtles have just emerged, farmers should seize the opportunity to open up the domestic market, so that the snapping turtle breeding industry has been further developed.
First, the characteristics of snapping turtle
1. Feeding technology is simple. Snapping turtles are freshwater habitat turtles, such as lakes, rivers and pools. The living environment does not require high standards. The water temperature is higer than 10 degrees, hibernating below 15 degrees, 15-17 degrees can still be a small amount of activity, normal eating above 18 degrees, 20-33 degrees as the best activity, eating temperature, 34 degrees or more With a small amount of activity, we can avoid the heat in the bottom and in the sand. Under artificial feeding conditions, gardens, ponds, cages, etc. can be raised.
2, the growth rate of rapid data show that: Snapping turtles in the breeding density of 8000 g / m2 of high-density stocking conditions, the growth rate of 5.99 grams daily gain. However, the growth rate of freshwater turtles in China is slow. Take turtles and Chinese sturgeons as examples. The growth rate of them is l-3g.
3, spawning more than 55 kg of snapping turtle turtle eggs can be 70--80, 3 kg of snapping turtles can spawn about 30: weight 15 kg snapping turtle can spawn about 20, and weight O.5--l Dry grams of turtles and Chinese sturgeons spawned only about 10-12 eggs.
4, high meat content Because the crocodile turtle plastron is very small, armpits, armpits exposed part more, so more meat. The 500-gram turtle was also compared with the snapping turtle. When removing the carapace, plastron, and internal organs (the bone was not removed), the snapping turtle weighed 364 grams, the meat rate was 73%, and the turtle had a meat weight of 282 grams. The meat rate was 56. %, it can be seen that the snapping turtle has a higher prevalence of meat.
Second, the development and status quo of snapping turtle breeding industry
In 1997, Snapping Turtles were introduced as pet turtles and introduced a small amount of seedlings and larvae. Because the crocodile turtle has a single body color, people do not realize that the snapping turtle has the advantage of rapid growth, so the price is low, and the snapping turtle seedlings are sold for only 30-40 yuan each. In 1998, some farmers and turtle-lovers, after feeding for more than half a year, gradually realized that the crocodile seedlings not only had the characteristics of rapid growth, but also had the characteristics of simple breeding technology, high meat content, plus the Chinese wolfberry market, slippery, and price. In the fall, some Chinese sturgeon farmers are looking for suitable projects. Snapping turtles and Chinese sturgeon have similarities in their husbandry methods and pond requirements. As a result, some Chinese sturgeon farmers have turned to snapping turtles to make snapping turtles market demand. Sudden increase, the price rises, each snapping turtle seedlings 70 - 90 yuan, only 400 - 500 yuan per kilogram of adult. By 1999, some of the saplings that were farmed in 1998 had been raised for more than half a year and were weighed in the range of 900--1000 grams. The farmers benefited a lot. In addition, the prices of snapping turtles rose again as a result of the publicity of various media. Snapping Turtle seedlings are as high as l00--120 yuan each, and adult snapping turtles are 50D--560 yuan per kilogram, and the supply is insufficient. In the spring of 2000, local farmers, farms, and even some state-owned aquaculture farms used the snapping turtle as an investment project in 2000, resulting in the shortage of snapping turtles on the market, causing the prices of snapping turtles and snapping turtles to rise again. July 2000 , Snapping Turtle seedlings each 150 - 170 yuan, species of snapping turtle 540 - 600 yuan per kilogram. At present, there are only sporadic points relating to the high-level breeding techniques of snapping turtles (Wang Yufeng, 2000) and artificial rearing techniques (Zhou Ting, 1999, Wang Yufeng, 1999, Lin Jiayi, 1999), and there has been no report on the breeding of snapping turtles. It can be seen that there are fewer farms and fewer fish farms in China. Therefore, the domestic snapping turtle breeding industry is still in its infancy.
Third, a few issues that should be noted Snapping Turtles is a new breed of freshwater aquaculture that combines food, ornamentals, and medicinal use. The development of farmed snapping turtles, small investment (can be used to raise a horns), and high efficiency, especially the ecological breeding mode of snapping turtles, has broad application prospects and merits great promotion. At the same time, the snapping turtle breeding industry has just started, and there are no mature experiences in breeding techniques, breeding techniques, feed, etc. Therefore, the following problems should be noted in the development of farmed snapping turtles.
l. Species Identification Snapping turtles are classified into two species, Macroclemys temminckii and Chelydra serpentina. The hatchlings of the two snapping turtles are similar in appearance and are difficult to distinguish between breeders. The difference between the shape of the turtle and the juvenile snapping turtle The giant crocodile turtle Macroclemys temminckii The snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina The body weight 8-10 grams 4-7 grams The upper jaw resembles the olecranon shape, the hook is like a hook shape, but the hook is small and the tentacles head, neck, belly There are innumerable tentacles with only a few backs. Each scutellum has projections. Ribs shields. Slightly elevated plastrons. Brown, dark brown, upper margins, shields, no tails, short, long, and slightly shorter, 1998. The price of the introduced giant saplings was as high as 1998. 250--350 yuan, farmers reared, found that no snapping turtles grow fast, therefore, the price of giant crocodile turtles all the way down, in June 2000, when the giant snapping turtles were only 90 - 140 yuan. Surge, and snapping turtles in short supply, and some suppliers to replace snapping turtles.
2. After the source of the Snapping Turtle was sold out, it attracted the attention of some breeding companies. They organized sources from various sources, including illegal entry. Snapping Turtle Seedlings are transported over long distances and have a long dehydration time. The health of Snapping Turtles is affected. Although the price of these snapping turtle seedlings is low, the turtle's constitution is weak and its survival rate is low. Therefore, when purchasing the Snapping Turtle Seedlings, we should learn more about the source and physical condition of Snapping Turtle Seedlings and avoid economic losses.
3. Feeding density and water temperature Feeding density and water temperature directly affect the growth of snapping turtles. Some farmers believe that the higher the stocking density, the higher the yield, but the snapping turtle is not like this. Relevant data reported that the best growing water temperature range for young snapping turtles is 28--31 degrees. Under the same conditions of appropriate water temperature and feeding conditions, when the stocking density was 800 g/m2, the young snapping turtles averaged an increase of 5.99 g per day, and when the density continued to increase to 92O0 g/m2, each day The average weight gain was only about 5.3 grams (Wang Yufeng, 2000). It can be seen that the suitable breeding density for young snapping turtles is 9200 g/m2.
4. Disease prevention Snapping turtles are easier to keep than other turtles. However, under conditions of large-scale high-density rearing, it is not appropriate to observe each turtle's condition. It is necessary to frequently check the pool and make prevention work. The daily management work adheres to the principle of prevention as the main and treatment as the supplement.
Fourth, the development prospects
1, the favorable conditions for breeding snapping turtles (1), snapping turtles on the breeding site requirements are not high, courtyards, ponds, balconies can be raised. No matter how the pond is raised, the size of the water body can be raised in cages. If turtle ponds are reared for snapping turtles, there is less investment, low cost, and low risk. (2) From the perspective of food and medicinal use, Snapping Turtle has a broad prospect for development. (3) Snapping Turtles are turtle species with the highest percentage of meat contained in turtles. They have the characteristics of fast growth, easy feeding, and high meat content, and are recognized as high-quality edible turtles.
2. How big is the Snapping Turtle Market? (l) Currently, Snapping Turtles are only reared on a small scale in a small number of places and cannot reproduce. Most farmers are indecisive and still wait and see. If the previous investment in rearing snapping turtle farmers once benefited, it will drive a large number of farmers to invest in snapping turtles. The demand for snapping turtles will increase rapidly and the prices will increase. It can be seen that the snapping turtle market has great potential. (2) How big is the Snapping Turtle Market? Looking at the domestic market, please look at a survey of the sales volume of China in the 16 large and medium-sized cities (Table 2). Table 2 Survey of daily sales of Chinese sturgeon in 16 large and medium-sized cities (tons/day) Urban daily sales Urban daily sales Urban daily sales Urban daily sales Guangzhou 20 Harbin 1--2 Kunming 1--2 Wenzhou 3--4 Hangzhou 5- 6 Urumqi 1--2 Lanzhou 1--2 Beijing 3-4 Shanghai 5-6 Xi'an 1--2 Shaoxing 1 Wuhan 3 Shenyang 3--4 Nanjing 1--2 Shenzhou 0.5 Xiamen 2 years sales 16740---l8900 From In the table, we can see that the market situation in China is relatively good and the sales volume is gratifying. At the same time, it also shows that there is a great potential for digging the edible and medicinal markets in China. Turtles have the advantages of rapid growth, high spawning, and high meat content. They are not replaceable by other turtles or even crickets. Therefore, turtles use more than Chinese sturgeon and other turtles in food, ornamentals, and medicinal purposes. Therefore, the snapping turtle market has broad prospects and has great potential for breeding.
V. Concluding remarks At present, China's breeding industry has experienced price fluctuations. Farmers are looking for breeding projects that are profitable, have great potential for production, and have good prospects for development. However, breeding turtles are meeting the above conditions. Snapping turtles have just emerged, farmers should seize the opportunity to open up the domestic market, so that the snapping turtle breeding industry has been further developed.