Due to the continuous high temperature and drought, the soil water holding capacity is low and the field temperature is high, which is unfavorable to the growth of fruit trees. To effectively reduce the damage of high temperature and drought to fruit trees, grass cultivation in orchards should be vigorously promoted.
First, the benefits of grass orchards:
1. Increase soil organic matter content. The roots of green crops are strong, and some parts of the ground grow vigorously. They contain a lot of rich organic matter. After overturning, they can improve soil physical and chemical properties and improve soil fertility. The best grasses should be shade-tolerant leguminous plants, such as clover, grass sedges, and wool. Ye Zizi, small crowned flowers, etc., are strong green nitrogen fertilizers that are easily decomposed and grow vigorously.
2, to maintain soil moisture. The maintenance of soil moisture in green manure crops is mainly achieved by reducing the evaporation and absorption of soil moisture between the rows and adjusting the supply balance of surface water in the rainfall through the living plant body, and by covering the tree discs to form grass-covering soils during vigorous growth.
3, extend the root activity time of fruit trees. Orchard grass can increase ground temperature in spring, and promote the root system 15-30 days ahead of the growth period of the Qingcangyuan; decrease the surface temperature in hot summer to ensure fruit tree roots grow vigorously; after late autumn, increase soil temperature and extend root activity 1 About a month or so, it has a very good effect on increasing the storage of nutrients in the tree and enriching flower buds. Winter grass is covered on the ground surface, which can reduce the thickness of the frozen soil layer, increase the ground temperature, and reduce and prevent the freezing damage of the root system.
4, to improve the orchard microclimate. Because of the improvement of physiochemical properties of green manure crops, water, fertilizer, gas, and heat in the soil are coordinated, and the air humidity in the orchard is improved. In summer, the orchard is relatively cool during high temperature season, which is very beneficial to the growth and development of fruit trees, and is beneficial to reducing sunburn. occur.
5, grass has a good effect of loose soil. Comparing grass cover with orchard clarification, soil physical properties are good, soil is loose and fragile and well ventilated, water permeability is good, soil structure can be kept stable, water and soil loss can be prevented, it is conducive to earthworm propagation, and the formation of soil water stable solid grain structure is promoted. .
6, reduce costs, reduce labor intensity and increase efficiency. According to tests, compared with grass cultivation, castration, and clear tillage in orchards, it can reduce the amount of labor used for grasses by about 60%, and greatly reduce labor intensity. In addition, coverage improves soil physical properties, improves soil fertility, increases soil organic matter content, and can reduce the application of commercial fertilizers and farmyard fertilizers, and increase fertilizer utilization. All of these reduce production costs.
7, improve the quality of fruit. Sapling orchard due to increased air humidity and temperature difference between day and night, the fruit coloring rate increased, the amount of sugar, fruit hardness and storage stability have also improved significantly. In particular, the bagged orchard is most vulnerable to high temperature and dryness after fruit picking, and the fruit surface is prone to sunburn and dry cracks. Orchard grass can effectively avoid and prevent the occurrence of the above phenomenon and improve the appearance quality of the fruit.
Second, the specific practice of weeding is to use grasses between the lines, first, artificially growing clover, grass sedges, scorpion hairpins, small crowned flowers, etc., and secondly, making full use of the orchard weeds and cutting them to cover the tree trays. Grass is usually grown when the grass grows to 20-30 cm, and the control height is not more than 20 cm.
Sun-Shading Net is a series of colored shade nets with special optical properties which improve the utilization of solar radiation by agricultural crops. This technology promotes differential stimulation of desirable physiological responses, which determine the commercial value of each crop. This is an economical and environmentally friendly alternative to current labor-consuming methods (such as pruning and thinning) and intensive use of growth regulators and other chemicals. ChromatiNet enables growers to control vegetative growth characteristics, such as leaf size, branch length and plant height in plants, as well as the rate of maturation and flowering. This enables adaptation to market preferences, with clear economic advantages.
Greenhouse Sun-Shading System can reduce solar load, and cool down the inside temperature and create a comfortable environment for the plants.
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