First, build the garden: open or cold shed cultivation should be ditch in the direction of the north and south, specifications 6060 cm, after the application of base fertilizer, the backfilled soil and the original place a flat, both sides to do the pods, water irrigation can be planted after the spacing of 3.5 meters .
Second, planting seedlings: leave single vines 60 cm away, leaving the double vines one meter away, digging pit seedlings, soil buried in the roots of the old grape seedlings and a flat, can be injected after the water.
Third, seedling management, when the seedlings bud, select a strong bud to stay as the main vine, the other small buds erased, when the main vine on the growth of lateral branches, leaving a leaf topping, when the main vine grows to 1.5 meters high, pick the top heart .
Fourth, pest control. In early June, Bordeaux began to use liquids to prevent diseases, and pests could be sprayed with insecticides.
Fifth, autumn cut, after the autumn leaves 1.2 meters, cut off the excess part, all the side branches will be cut off.
6, cold, the main vine after pruning from grapevine south to north along the ditch, in turn, put down with straw real, note once cold water, you can buried soil, soil thickness of 20 cm, you can safely winter.
Vineyard Job Resume
After the grapes were unearthed in April, 5o lime sulfur was sprayed to remove the overwintering germs.
The buds were wiped off from May 1st to May 5th.
May 20 - 25 spray thiophanate-methyl 700 times, to prevent the first 5-6 leaves of the disease, playing the top (topping), to the deputy panicle.
Flowering from June 1st to June 7th, with an expansive agent on the 15th day after flowering.
Spray 200 times Bordeaux mixture on June 15th.
Spray 200 times Bordeaux mixture + insecticide on June 30th.
On July 7th, Fumei pairs 800 times to prevent white rot.
On the 15th of July, the third Bordeaux mixture was sprayed. Note that premature precocious products do not spray Bordeaux multi-fluids, and they can be sprayed to prevent downy mildew 800 times, or they can use the disease rich.
On July 22, Fumei pairs 800 times to prevent white rot.
On August 1st, thirst was sprayed to prevent downy mildew.
After the grapes were harvested on August 1, Bordeaux was sprayed again to prevent later disease.
Sino-North Korea seedlings breeding farm
Protected field grape cultivation
First, the advantages of grape cultivation in protected areas (1) Anti-seasonal production, increase output value.
(2) Early fruits and high yields can be produced in two years after planting, and the yield per mu can reach four or five thousand pounds or more.
(3) Provincial workers do not need to stand in cold weather in winter.
(4) Energy savings without heating.
Second, the choice of protected varieties of grapes in the selection of varieties, to early maturity, disease resistance, high yield and good quality prevail.
(1) Green sweet abundance: imported from France, strong growth potential, good taste, high yield, mature for 85 days.
(2) Auguste: The introduction of Romania, the upper and middle growth, high yield, good quality, golden yellow, 80 days of growth period.
(3) Beijing Asia: Breeding cultivars at the Beijing Agricultural College, strong growth potential, large spikes, large grains, blue-black, uniform coloration, sugar content of 17%, 85 days of market.
(4) 8611: Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences cultivars, large seedless, strong tree, high yield, bright red, 18% sugar content. Listed on 85 days.
In addition, other fine varieties such as Xinghua No. 1, Jingxiu, Baijixin, 87-1, Rizamat, Red Shuangwei, etc. can also be selected based on local natural conditions.
3. Design of Greenhouses and Greenhouses for Protected Areas (1) Solar greenhouses, which run from east to west, have a width of 7-8 meters, the length can be determined according to the topography, the height is 2.5-3 meters, the width of the rear wall is 40-60 centimeters, and every 4 meters is set Vents.
(2) Plastic greenhouses are oriented from north to south. According to the terrain design, the width is 5 meters, 6 meters, 7 meters, 12 meters, and the height is 2.5-3.3 meters. The production uses more than 5-6 meters. The shed has a small investment due to the shed. Easy to manage.
IV. Situation of Viticulture in Protected Areas Greenhouses: Viticulture in greenhouses, with single stand, single stand-up level, double-rows, double-rows, etc. Cultivation situation, the following two conventional cultivation methods:
(1) Single stand: spacing 2 meters, spacing 0.5 meters.
(2) Double-row tilt: Line spacing 1 m3m. Standard 0.5 m.
Greenhouse: Row spacing 3.5-5m
Standard 0.6 m
Adjust the planting density according to the variety. (3) Open the planting ditch: The criterion for the cultivation of double-row excavation and planting ditch is 1.2 m (width) and 0.7 m (depth).
Single stand and greenhouse standard is 0.7 m (width) 0.7 m (deep)
(4) The value of backfilled orange bar is 20cm. Farmyard manure + ground soil mix backfill, apply 100-150 pounds per mu, containing ammonia, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer better.
V. Management of vines in protected areas The management of vines: (1) The trees born in 1 year can refer to the natural cultivation and management methods of the land.
(2) After 2 years, the result tree will put the main vine into the ground plane before budding. 1-2 leaves after the upper shelves can overcome buds germination, to achieve the purpose of three-dimensional results.
(3) No new shoots will be left below 40-50 cm after the main vines are scattered. All the buds will be erased. The result will be more than 40-50 cm, and each shoot will have a robust result.
(4) In order to strengthen the ventilation and light transmission in the shed, ensure the normal growth of the grapes, the shoots are neat and consistent, and the new shoots should be managed strictly by means of weak retention (5-6 mother twigs per branch).
* Other field management can refer to natural cultivation on land.
6. Management of Water and Fertilizer in Protected Areas and Temperature Management (1) Temperature Management: The indoor temperature in the greenhouse before germination should not be too high, between 20 degrees and 10 degrees, and after germination to 25 degrees to 15 degrees before flowering, no more than 28 Degree, flowering period of 28 degrees to 32 degrees corresponding increase in nighttime temperature of 20 degrees, fruit enlargement period, 25 degrees to 28 degrees, not more than 30 degrees, late through the night wind, increase the spring temperature difference, is conducive to fruit nutrition accumulation, berries coloring.
(2) Water and Fertilizer Management: I. Pregermination: Before the sprouting of the grapes, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer (urea) 60 kg per mu, combined with irrigation. II. Spikelets: N, PECN were applied 1 week before flowering of the grapes, and 60 kg of urea and diammonium were added per mu to maintain flower spikes. III Fruit: After the grape results
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