From a scientific point of view, in order to make full use of the fertilizer effect of farmyard fertilizers, the following points should be noted for the accumulation of fertilizers and storage of fertilizers in winter.
Fertilizers should not be large and cold in cold weather, in order to promote the warming up of fertilizer heaps, winter fertilizer fat accumulation of fertilizer to be properly increased. Generally 3 to 4 meters in diameter, about 2 meters high is preferred, can also be used 2 meters high, 1.5 to 2 meters wide, 4 meters long rectangular fat heap. If the fertilizer heap is too low and too narrow, the cold will invade, the heat will dissipate quickly, the fertilizer will be slow to ripen and the quality will be poor.
In addition, some farmers send fertilizers to small piles of farmland for storage in the winter and spring season or to the ground. These practices are very detrimental to nitrogen conservation. According to the determination, when the fertilizer is stored in small piles, nitrogen will be lost by about 30%, and when it is scattered on the ground, it will be lost by about 64%, while the bulk storage will only lose about 10% in the winter and spring. Therefore, it is generally advisable to send fertilizers in the winter and spring to be stored in large piles on the ground, and it is better to throw them into the ground before planting.
Covering the soil and filling the mud to ensure fertilizer efficiency. In addition to stacking fertilizers or storing fertilizers in winter, piles of soil and mud shall also be used around the heaps of fertilizers to cover the soil. A layer of soil or a layer of wheat straw shall be used to cover cold air. Heap, the role of heat can not be distributed. Simultaneously, the mud-sealed mud blocked the passage of nitrogen volatilization loss and reduced the loss of nitrogen. According to the measurement, in the same period of time, the loss rate of nitrogen in the mud-filled soil was less than 10%, while the loss rate of unsealed mud was about 30%.
Gray manure should be stored separately as grey manure, ie grass ash, which is an alkaline fertilizer. Mixing with manure causes a drastic drop in nitrogen in manure. According to the test, with the use of a ash gasket or manure, the loss of manure was about 40% after 3 days, 95% after 3 months, and only about 5% after 3 days of unpadding of wood ash or uncapped manure, and losses after 3 months. 48% or so. Therefore, in the composting process in winter, the gray excrement must be stored separately and avoid mixing.
Fertilizer plus phosphorus and nitrogen is better to mix 2% to 3% of superphosphate or more than 5% of phosphate rock in the fertilizer heap for storage and storage, which can play a significant role in nitrogen conservation. According to the test, when superphosphate was mixed in the fertilizer heap, nitrogen loss was only about 3.10% after 4 months, and about 45% without adding superphosphate; nitrogen loss after 5.4% phosphorus rock was added after 4 months. About 40% of the loss of phosphate rock was about 49.60%. Therefore, we must pay attention to adding some phosphate fertilizer compost, phosphorus nitrogen will play a multiplier effect.
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