Agaricus bisporus cultivation

1. Prepare well-drained, near-water sources, close to the field of mushrooms, and a flat terrain for stockyards. Prepare 10,000 kg of straw, 200 kg of superphosphate, 250 kg of lime, 150 kg of urea, and 200 kg of plaster per mu. Ammonium bicarbonate 50 kg. In addition, 1100 kg of grass was prepared per mu, and weaved a straw curtain with a thickness of 5 cm. The straw was spread on the ground and the thickness was 1 meter. The water was evenly sprayed. The water was squeezed out by hand but it was not in line. It was left for 3 days. Then spread a layer of 1.5 meters wide, 20 centimeters thick grass (unlimited length), sprinkle a layer of urea and ammonium bicarbonate, repeat the operation until the pile height of 1.5 meters, the top of the arc, covered with straw curtains against the sun, rain When the cover film is rainproof, the film can be removed in time. When the stock temperature rose to 75 °C and began to decline, take the varus, turn down the way to turn the heap, repeat 4 times, split 1 day before spraying 0.4% dichlorvos liquid insecticide, the process for a total of 25 days. One of them was added with superphosphate and one half of gypsum powder, and the water content was adjusted; the gypsum powder was added at the second turn, and the moisture was adjusted; the lime powder was added at the time of the third turn, the pH was adjusted to 7; and 0.5% formaldehyde was sprayed at four turns. Adjust the moisture. The standard for the fermentation of piled materials is brown, fermented, non-ammonia, elastic, pull-and-break, hand-picked, but not dripping.
Second, sowing (1) choose a good irrigation and drainage, within three years did not plant the early maturing rice mushroom, according to 1.2 meters wide, 15 meters long, 0.5 meters wide groove, depth 30 cm (ditch deep 40 cm) of the standard site preparation. One day before cutting, a net of 3 kg per acre was used to kill underground pests and 50 kg of lime was used to disinfect the surface of the car. The iron sifted at 2 to 3 centimeters and 0.5 centimeters when the ditch is raised will be prepared at 25 kilograms per square metre of coarse soil and 15 kilograms of fine soil. Lime will be killed at 1% to 2% of the soil weight to kill nematodes and the pH will be adjusted. The value is 7.5 and the cover film is ready for use.
(2) From late September to early October, the fermented stack will be poured into the cabin, shaken and loosely laid, with a thickness of 20 cm. When the feed temperature drops to 28°C, sow the plants and hand with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. Spread 1.5 bottles of bacteria per square meter. Contact, timely cover the film, and then covered with straw. After 3 days of sowing, when most of the strains germinated, the agricultural film was replaced on the straw. If the temperature is too high, the membrane should be ventilated at night, and gradually increase the amount of ventilation as the hyphae grow up. Keep the surface dry as much as possible to inhibit germination.
(3) After sowing 7 days or when the mycelium is full of culture material and in-depth half of the material, cover the soil, the mycelium grows faster and sooner, and it grows slowly and late. Cover with coarse soil, cover the surface of the material, and then sprinkling water until it is pinched and flat, white and sticky. Do not allow water to enter the culture. After 1 week, cover fine soil, sprinkle water after cover, make the consistency of coarse soil, fine soil moisture, cover soil thickness of 4 to 6 cm. After covering the soil, Tianqing only covered the grass curtains. When it rained and covered the film, it must not allow the rain to immerse in the mushroom bed.
Third, management (1) pre-winter management. When the mycelium has a large area of ​​half of the earth, we must keep the soil moist. When the mycelium grows to 4/5 of the soil, the mushrooms are splashed with water, making the surface of the soil bright and seeping into the soil 1/5. When the size of the rice bud is large, the water is sprayed to make the surface of the soil bright but the water does not infiltrate. After 5 to 10 minutes, the straw is covered. The day-to-day management is sunny and multi-spraying, with less spraying on cloudy days, more spray on mushrooms, less spray on mushrooms, and no spray on changing tides. The sprayer sprayed water at 45 degrees upwards, avoiding direct spray of mushroom buds, spraying at high temperatures and spraying at noon at low temperatures. When the water is sprayed, the straw curtain is opened and the soil is dried after it is dried. When the temperature is high, only the curtain is not covered with a film, no wind can open the curtain in the evening, and the temperature drops in time for film insulation.
(2) Winter management. As the temperature dropped to 5°C, the mycelium stopped growing and entered the winter management stage. To cover the agricultural film, straw and compaction with clods, sunny ventilation at noon the next day, avoid long-term airtight. Keeping the soil layer white during winter, the mycelium does not dry. The bed mycelium develops well for the winter, does not spray water, and the development of the mycelium is poor. It is necessary to spray water once a week at noon. Before the end of February, scrape the fine soil, loosen the coarse soil to breathe, remove the old roots and yellow mycelium, make up for the new soil, add 0.1% to 0.2% urea solution per mu to add water and nutrients.
(3) Spring management. When the temperature rises in early March, spray 0.1% to 0.2% urea to soften the soil, and delay the proper growth of mycelia. Do not get too dry or too wet in the spring, ventilate during the day, and ventilate at night.
Fourth, pest and disease prevention and control If you do not repeat the disease, the disease is generally less, pay attention to management, can basically avoid physical diseases. The use of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides is prohibited, and it is really necessary to apply pesticides. Aviccillin is used for acarids, lime powder is used for snails, and dimethoate is used for control of earthworms.
5. Harvesting After 40 days of sowing, harvesting begins, usually in the morning or after 5:00 pm. The diameter of the mushroom cap is 2 to 4 cm as the appropriate standard. When picking mushrooms, they were cut with a knife and the cut was smooth without mud. After each picking a tidal mushroom, it is necessary to clean the bed surface, dig up the old roots, and make up new soil so that the surface of the car will remain flat and clean. At the same time, spray 1% lime water to adjust the pH to 7 to 7.5.

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