Scientific name: Kolkwitzia amabilis
English name: Beautybush
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Morphological Characteristics:
Kolkwitzia amabilis is a rare and unique deciduous shrub belonging to the family Caprifoliaceae, native only to China. This ornamental plant is known for its striking, bell-shaped flowers that range in color from pink to purple, making it a visually appealing addition to any landscape. The shrubs are multi-branched and typically grow between 1.5 to 3 meters tall. Young shoots are covered with fine hairs, while older branches develop a peeling bark.
The leaves are alternate, short-stalked, and elliptic to ovate-oblong in shape, measuring 3–8 cm in length and 1.5–3 cm in width. They are nearly entire or sparsely toothed, with an acute tip and a suborbicular base. The upper surface is sparsely pubescent, while the lower surface is hairy along the veins.
The inflorescence is corymbose and cone-shaped, with lateral branches ending in clusters of two flowers. Each cyme contains two flowers, with the lower ones developing within the tube. The corolla is tubular, with spreading villous hair at the base, narrowing into a neck-like structure above the ovary. The five lobes are slightly unequal, and the stamens are arranged in two pairs—two long and two short, hidden within the flower. The ovary is inferior, divided into three chambers, though usually only one develops.
The fruit consists of two fused capsules, with only one typically maturing. It is covered in dense bristles and retains the persistent calyx at the tip.
Distribution:
Kolkwitzia amabilis is found in western and northwestern Henan, southeastern Gansu, southeastern Shaanxi, southeastern and southwestern Shanxi, eastern and northwestern Hubei, and southwestern Anhui. In the Shennongjia Forest Area, it grows in low-shade, shrubby areas at around 500 meters elevation, where populations are sparse.
Its distribution extends eastward from the Qinling Mountains to Zhongtiao Mountain, and southward from Taihang Mountain, with another branch extending southeast to Wudang Mountain and Dabie Mountain.
Due to the difficulty in seed germination, artificial sowing or introduction into cultivated fields is recommended for propagation.
Value:
The plant is highly valued for its vibrant, densely packed flowers that bloom during early summer, when many other plants are beginning to fade. In summer and autumn, the tree is adorned with small, hedgehog-like fruits, adding a unique and stylish touch to the landscape.
In gardens, Kolkwitzia amabilis can be planted as individual specimens or in groups near lawns, terraces, rockeries, garden paths, or pavilions. It also makes an excellent choice for potted plants or cut flowers, offering beauty and versatility in various horticultural settings.
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