First, cultivation tank and cultivation substrate treatment method
(a) Cultivation tank
1. The simple cultivation tank is made of bricks, the length of which depends on the specific conditions of the greenhouse, and generally does not exceed 20 meters. The groove is 90 cm wide and 18 cm high; the aisle between the grooves is 90 cm. The bottom of the tank is covered with a 0.1 mm thick polyethylene film isolated from the ground.
2. The use of hydroponic tanks in soilless cultivation techniques requires high technical requirements for hydroponic culture, especially for the management of fertilizers. Therefore, it is possible to directly use the hydroponic cultivation tank for organic substrate cultivation, and only need to fill the cultivation tank with the substrate and coat the drip irrigation belt.
(2) The cultivation matrix formulation for the substrate is coconut cocoon and river sand, which is mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1. The particle size of the river sand is 0.2 cm and 0.4 cm. When the matrix is ​​mixed, add 12 kg of chicken manure commodity organic fertilizer (20% organic matter, 3.8% total nitrogen, 3.5% total phosphorus, and 7.2% total potassium) per cubic meter. After mixing, fill in the cultivation tank. in.
(3) Two drip irrigation belts shall be placed parallel to each cultivation tank of the water supply system. The drip irrigation belt shall have a diameter of 15 mm and the outlet shall be separated by 50 cm. Each greenhouse is equipped with an independent water supply system and pressurized water pump so that the outlet of each drip irrigation belt outlet can be evenly distributed, and a filtering device can be installed to prevent the water outlet from being blocked.
Second, cultivation technology
1. The quality choice should be a small fruit variety with beautiful appearance, good taste, good taste, high sugar content, and short growing period, such as Jin Meiren and Hei Meijin.
2. Sowing seedlings can be determined according to the purpose of cultivation, climatic conditions, etc., generally from January to March in spring sowing, autumn in September sowing. Before sowing, hot seeds, soaking and germination with hot water. The nursery substrate formula is the same as the cultivation substrate, but the fertilizer dosage is 8 kg per cubic meter. The substrate can be sown after the substrate is placed on the seedling tray. Conventional seedling trays are sown at a spacing of 10 cm x 10 cm. If you choose plug seedlings, should choose a diameter of 6 cm to 8 cm in the tray.
3. Cultivation and management When the seedlings 3 to 4 true leaves when the colonization, planting the substrate before the drenching water, planting 2 rows per groove, groove spacing 70 cm, spacing 50 cm. The position of each planting should be close to the outlet of the drip irrigation belt, and the rooting process should be avoided. 7 days after planting, topdressing should be carried out, and 0.1 kg of urea and compound fertilizer per cubic meter. Twenty days after colonization, 4 kg of peanut bran was added per cubic meter (including 6.32% of total nitrogen, 1.17% of total phosphorus, and 1.34% of total potassium). This organic fertilizer can basically meet the needs of the entire growth period of watermelon, after which a small amount of quick-effect fertilizer can be applied according to the growth conditions. In addition, since commodity organic fertilizer and peanut bran contain elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron, etc., it is not necessary to supplement fertilizers of the above elements. When the fruits and eggs are large, they should be topdressed once, and topdressed with 0.1% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate per cubic meter, sprayed once every 5 days, and sprayed three times.
Irrigation should be based on plant growth and climatic conditions. When the plants are small, the temperature is low, and water is dripped once every 2 to 3 days. Plants thrive and have high temperatures, especially during fruit enlargement, which requires a large amount of water and must be watered daily. The water must be controlled in the later period, avoid watering before mining, otherwise it will affect the quality.
Pruning method When the melon shoots are about 10 knots, the main vine can be fixed with a string and the vines can be grown upward. Pollination should be carried out on the female flowers of the main vine from the 16th to the 25th. Double vine pruning, that is, when the plant height is 30 cm, in addition to the main vine, also left 1 side vines, the rest removed, only the main vine 1 melon, another 1 side vine as a vegetative branch. Above the knot stage, leave 4 to 5 leaves topping.
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