According to relevant data, the amount of fertilizer applied per unit area in China has reached 16 times the world average, and has become the world's largest producer of fertilizer consumption and production. However, the increase in grain output and fertilizer use in China have not been synchronized, and the benefits of fertilizer production have declined. Statistics show that in the past decade, China's chemical fertilizer application volume has nearly doubled, while grain production has only increased by 91%; the effective utilization rate of fertilizers applied to farmland, with the exception of potassium fertilizer 40%-60%, nitrogen fertilizer is only about 30%, phosphate fertilizer. More than 25%. The reason is mainly due to the lack of understanding and improper measures. From the current situation, in the fertilization of farmland, it is necessary to get rid of the following misunderstandings as soon as possible: First, to avoid inefficient application of phosphorus and phosphorus in subsequent years. Since the 1960s, phosphate fertilizers have been applied for many years in various places. More accumulated. However, in many regions, large quantities of phosphate fertilizers are still applied in successive years. This is not only a waste, but also results in a significant decrease in the effective utilization of phosphate fertilizers, and may also cause adverse side effects. Excess phosphorus will combine with zinc to form insoluble zinc phosphate, resulting in the lack of effective zinc in the soil, causing the crop to produce zinc deficiency. All localities should take into consideration the historical conditions of the local application of phosphate fertilizers and the actual needs of crops, and pay attention to the appropriate application of phosphorus every other year or every other year. Second, distinguish between crops lack of sulfur and nitrogen deficiency in southern China's red soil, sulfur content is low, in the case of partial nitrogen fertilizer, the emergence of nitrogen and sulfur ratio disorders resulting in crop sulfur deficiency has been quite common. Once the crop is deficient in sulfur, its performance is very similar to that of nitrogen deficiency. The two are extremely confusing and must be carefully identified. Generally speaking, the chlorosis caused by sulfur deficiency in crops occurs mostly in the pre-growth stage and starts from the top young leaves; while nitrogen deficiency can occur in various stages, and the base leaves become yellow first. In addition, the lack of sulfur will delay the development of the crop, and the lack of nitrogen will make the crop mature earlier. Therefore, we must pay attention to strict distinctions, and carefully take appropriate countermeasures, "fat under the symptom," accurate input, to prevent mistakes. Third, do not excessively superstitious the role of trace elements in trace amounts of fertilizer, mainly involved in the metabolism of the crop body, appropriate application, can promote normal crop reproduction, improve product quality. However, its application has strict selectivity, lack of targeted random mess, not only will be less effective, or even completely ineffective, and sometimes have adverse side effects, especially manganese, copper, etc., excessive accumulation, more likely to cause crop poisoning. Only in the absence of trace elements in the soil, for some crops that need a trace element, appropriate amount of micro-fertilizer can be given to achieve the desired results. According to the relevant census data, the acid red soil in the south is mainly deficient in boron and molybdenum, and the others are relatively rich in enrichment, and their effectiveness is also relatively high. Generally, they are not lacking, and the adoption of a soil testing formula and strict selection of facilities is appropriate for production.
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