1. Removal or control of competitive branches No matter what kind of tree is cultivated, extension branches will inevitably attract competitive branches. In accordance with the traditional pruning method, try to use the competition branches to improve the early yield, resulting in non-standard branches, poor lighting conditions in the crown, especially the spindle-shaped orchards with more than 80 acres planted, the impact of competition branches even greater. Therefore, for such orchards, the competition tree on the central leadership should be strictly removed, and sometimes the second and third competition branches should be removed. For small orchard-shaped orchards, the growth of competition branches must be strictly controlled. When there are many auxiliary branches, It is best to remove the competition branches in time. 2, the main branch distribution to meet the tree requirements of the small crown-shaped pruning orchard, the stem of the three pillars is best not to adjoin, to prevent the card neck phenomenon. For spindle-shaped orchard orchards, the main branch on the main trunk should be circulated upward and evenly distributed. The main branch spacing should be about 20 cm. The main branch in the same direction should be spaced 50 cm or more above and below, and the main branch must be controlled in the direction of the south. 3, to deal with the relationship between the central stem and the main branch of the rough crown-shaped orchard, requiring the main branch and the central part of the same ratio of the thickness of the trunk is appropriate to 1:2, individual main branch thickness ratio of more than 1, we must promptly control. In a spindle-shaped orchard, the ratio of the thickness of the main branch to the central leading part of the same site is 1:3. Where the ratio of the main branch thickness is more than one, the main branch must be removed in time. 4, should pay attention to the update rejuvenation of some orchards, especially the Qin crown, short-stemmed red star, short-anvil Fuji and Other varieties, the tree vigor is obviously weak, the annual growth of new shoots less than 30 cm, when winter cut to finely trim pruning, more short cut, More retraction, less sparse branches, can be properly removed thin branches. In addition, more flower buds should be broken and the tree vigor should be restored as soon as possible. 5, less cut more sparse, reducing the amount of branches currently affect Apple's quality and increased disease is mainly due to the orchard crown, branches, large density. Many fruit trees in the orchard amount to 150,000-200,000. It is necessary to adopt a pruning method with a small number of cut-offs and to reduce the amount of branches year by year, so that it is appropriate to control the amount of sticks per mu in the range of 70,000 to 80,000. 6, open angle, ease the tree potential There are many young orchards, still in accordance with traditional pruning techniques, pay no attention to opening angle. It is suggested that the angle of the main branch of the orchard should be increased to 80-90 degrees, and the auxiliary branch angle should be greater than 90 degrees to ease the tree vigor, promote flower bud formation and improve fruit quality.
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