Recently, when investigating the rural areas, it was found that vegetable farmers were very random when harvesting bitter gourd, which seriously affected the yield of bitter gourd. The bitter gourd harvesting standards and precautions are now described as follows:
First, the harvest standard bitter gourd can be eaten, but generally in order to ensure the quality of food, increase production, and more moderate harvest of mature fruits. Usually 12 to 15 days after flowering is suitable for the harvest period and should be harvested in time.
Second, pay attention to bitter gourd harvest should take into account the characteristics of bitter gourd varieties, growth season, post-harvest use, the length of transport time and mode of transport, the length of storage time and storage methods, the length of sales time and sales methods. The following seven issues should be paid attention to when harvesting:
1. Pre-harvest water control. The bitter gourd that needs long-distance transportation and storage stops watering 2 to 3 days before harvest, which can effectively enhance its resistance to hiding, reduce decay, and extend the postharvest preservation period of bitter gourd.
2. Safety interval. In bitter gourd production, some Pesticides that are allowed to be used in nuisance-free vegetables are used. For the sake of consumer safety, they can be harvested only when they reach the safety interval of pesticides.
3. Harvest timely. Harvesting should be timely, and the harvested product should be harvested at a low rate, the product should not reach the standard, and the flavor, quality and color should not be good. Too late harvesting will not only affect the production, but also impede the storage and transportation of the product. Bitter gourd generally sold on the spot, can be harvested properly; long-term storage and long-distance transport of bitter gourd should be harvested as early as possible; bitter gourd harvested in winter can be properly harvested late, bitter gourd harvested in summer to early harvest; cold Chain bitter gourd can be properly harvested in the evening, bitter gourd circulation at room temperature should be properly harvested early; market prices are more expensive winter and spring, can be harvested as early as possible.
4. Prevent damage. Bitter gourd should be handled gently to prevent mechanical damage, especially bitter gourd is likely to cause mechanical damage. Mechanical damage is the enemy of post-harvest storage and circulation preservation. Mechanical damage can not only increase the respiratory metabolism of vegetables, reduce resistance, and degrade quality, but also cause microbial infestation and rot.
5. Avoid rain and dew. Do not harvest after the rain and dew, otherwise the bitter gourd is difficult to keep fresh and can easily cause rot.
6. Low temperature harvest. As far as possible, harvesting in the morning with the lowest temperature in the day can reduce the field heat carried by bitter gourd and reduce the respiration of the vegetable body, which is conducive to maintaining post-harvest quality. Avoid harvesting at high temperatures and exposures.
7. Harvesting methods. Hold the melon in one hand, gently cut the handle with scissors, leave the stem to about 1 cm long, and wipe the dirt off the peel.
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