Stalk culm blight is a devastating disease. The stems of the affected plants are dead and lodging, and the bulbous stems or bulbs in the basement are small.
Blight of stalk blight can harm the lobe sheath, stem, flower organs and other parts. Leaf sheath damage, the appearance of dark green irregular water-stained lesions at the base of the leaf sheath at the beginning of the disease, and soon afterwards it spreads to the entire leaf sheath. The diseased part is grayish after drying, with black spots on it (spore discs of pathogens). Damage to the stalk, initial water-stained irregular lesions, black spots on the late lesions, a light gray mildew layer when the humidity is high, the diseased stem tissue becomes soft, the disease Department sunken, the plants are easy to lodging. Flowering victims suffer most from scales or spikes and necks, causing yellowing of the flowers. When the humidity is high, the diseased part may have a gray and white moldy layer.
The larvae of stalk blight are overwintering in the soil or bulbs with mycelia and conidium discs in the soil or in the following year. In April of the following year, they invade from the stomata or directly penetrate the epidermis, and are transmitted through wind and rain or irrigation water. The early-planted alfalfa began to develop at the beginning of August, and August-September was the epidemic period; late-planted alfalfa began to develop at the end of August and the beginning of September, especially in the case of “white dew†after a continuous foggy weather, which can spread into the disease. During the growing season, when the temperature is 17 to 29°C, it is easy to be affected by continuous cloudy or thick fog and heavy dew. With diseased bulbs or severe disease field continuous cropping, early onset and weight. In addition, the planting is too dense and the permeability in the field is poor; early application of nitrogenous fertilizer, lack of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and weak plants will aggravate the condition. There is a difference in disease resistance among different cultivars. Dahongpao is generally more resistant than Su Shi and Guilin Horseshoe.
Prevention of stalk blight disease measures: First, the selection of disease-resistant varieties. In old wards, more resistant varieties such as Chaguayin and Dahongpao can be used, and the bulbs of disease-free bulbs or mild disease fields can be selected for cultivation. The second is the implementation of aquatic crops such as white peony root and lotus root or dried vegetables for more than three years. In old districts of Fujian, crop rotation is the most cost-effective preventive and control measure. The third is to strengthen the field management. It is best to separate irrigation and water management, to avoid string irrigation or flood irrigation; timely removal of diseased plants and burned; appropriate application of potassium fertilizer, improve plant disease resistance; timely removal of diseased bodies after harvest. The fourth is the pre-emergence treatment. Before planting, the bulbs are soaked in 50% carbendazim WP 500 to 800 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 to 1000 times for 18 to 24 hours. Before planting, the seedlings are placed in the above-mentioned liquid medicine or soaked for 3 to 5 hours with a 20% to 3000 times solution of a 50% kresoxim-ethyl ester suspension. Fifth, chemical control. Before the seal line, spray with 50% carbendazim suspension 3000 to 4000 times, spraying again every 15 days. In the initial stage of onset, spray once every 5 days, after the disease is controlled and sprayed once every 10 days, use 40% polyketone wettable powder 800 to 1000 times liquid, or 50% prochloraz wettable powder 1000 to 1200 times liquid, or 70 % thiophanate-methyl WP can be sprayed 800 to 1000 times, or 70% Proxon WP wettable powder 500 to 600 times. Before the storm comes, it is necessary to spray and protect it. After the rain, it must be sprayed in a timely manner to protect the new leaves and stems.
Pangfanyi Green pepper is mainly used as seasoning, which ranks first among the thirteen fragrances. It has the function of not only anti-inflammatory and analgesic, improving sore throats, abdominal pain and diarrhea, but also eliminating cold detoxification, invigorating stomach, relieving itching, sterilization insecticidal effect and so on. In addition, it can also be used to make pepper oil, which can be used in spicy Sichuan food, hot pot, salad, pasta, etc. to promote appetite and accelerate the secretion of digestive fluid in the gut. As the phlegm-heat type, green pepper seeds can be eaten, and also soak feet for dehumidification and relieving pain.
Green,Healthy,Spicy
China Chongqing Pangfanyi Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.pangfany.com