1. What are the contents of peanut production mechanization technology? Peanuts are one of the major economic crops. Their production mechanization includes such mechanical techniques as mechanical tillage, mechanical mulching, mechanical sowing, mechanical plant protection, and mechanical harvesting, as well as processing techniques such as mechanical shelling and mechanical oil extraction. The core content is sowing and harvesting. Peanut ploughing and peanut shelling are highly mechanized. The semi-mechanization is mainly planting and harvesting. There are two types of sowing machines, human and machine-induced, and most of them are human sowing. Peanut filming and sowing and jointing machine produced by Shandong, etc. can complete the procedures such as crushing the soil, turning soil and building concrete, digging fertilizing, covering earth and scraping soil, spraying pesticides, spreading mulching film, perforating sowing, and removing seeding. The machine performance is better, and it can be widely promoted. 2. What types of peanut harvesting machines are there? Peanut harvesting machines include peanut digging machines, peanut reclaimers and peanut picking machines. Excavation and application of peanuts produced in Shandong, Hebei, etc. are relatively large, but because of the high prices and the fact that they are only suitable for sandy loam soils, they are more limited. 3. What are the technical requirements for peanut sowing mechanization? Mechanical sowing of peanuts requires that the rate of double grains per hole is above 75%, the number of holes (21 grains) exceeds 95%, the hole rate is not more than 1%, and the planting density is 8OO-1OOOO per acre, and the soil fertility is appropriate. The intensity increases or decreases accordingly. The sowing depth is about 5CM. Film mulching can be planted 5-7 days in advance. When mechanical sowing, it is still necessary to use good varieties, and after cleaning and chemical seed dressing treatment. Mid-late-maturing varieties need 5CM ground temperature at 15-18 °C, medium-maturing varieties at 12-1, sowing speed of 4 km / h or so. Poorly placid or sandy soil should be promptly repressed after sowing in order to avoid running away. Peanuts covered with mulching film should be made of loam with relatively thick soil and medium fertility. Before planting, sufficient amount of base fertilizer should be applied to ensure soil moisture, and the land should be ploughed and leveled, then covered with herbicide. 4. What are the technical requirements for mechanized peanut harvesting? Peanut excavator must first perform trial operation before the formal operation. Peanuts should be firmly installed before picking fruit. During the operation, the hands of the feeding personnel are strictly prohibited from stretching through the warp thread. The work site needs to be equipped with water tanks, buckets and other fire fighting equipment. The mechanical harvesting period should be based on the peanut’s reproductive status and climatic conditions. In addition, when the temperature is below 12°C, the pods stop growing and should be harvested in time. The excavator operation speed is 2 to 3.6 km/h.
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