I. Cultivation of small-scale fish species (I) Ponds Selection of ponds requires sufficient water sources, no pollution of water quality, and small changes in annual water temperature. If brackish or freshwater aquaculture is used, a pool with convenient water supply, short routes, and low lift should be selected. The bottom of the pool is basically free from water leakage and seepage, and it is easier to build dams. In addition, it requires convenient transportation and power supply. There are no tall buildings around the pond and it is not vulnerable to storms or floods.
(II) Clearing and disinfecting of ponds Drain the water in the pond in winter or in idle season, dig up the silt in the bottom of the pond, and then naturally expose the sun. The fish ponds shall be disinfected with fresh lime, bleach and other clear ponds before the pool is used. Lime consumption per acre is 100-150 kilograms, and bleaching powder is 30-40 ppm. After one week, the fish is put into storage and the base fertilizer is applied to facilitate the growth of plankton.
(3) Raising fish fingerlings indoors to 1.2-1.5 cm, and 1-2 mu
Million. The transport distance can be transported in plastic buckets with water. If the transport distance is long, use plastic bags to transport oxygen. Each bag contains 800-1000 tails. The transportation time can guarantee the survival rate in 7-8 hours. The transport water is best. 3-5ppm of salt water, stocking temperature should be above 18 °C, pay attention to the temperature difference between the inside and outside the bag should not be too large.
(4) Feeding of bait and water quality control The total length of the species is 3 cm. Each day, a kilogram of soybean milk is fed to the pond per acre to breed plankton, providing sufficient fish for the fish species. At the same time, transparency is taken care of, generally about 30 centimeters; Color, plankton in the water is abundant, but not in groups or groups, can not be applied in the water. If there are too many food organisms, new water should be injected to reduce the biological density and keep the water fresh. Through effective regulation of dissolved oxygen and water quality, most fish species can be up to about 3 cm in diameter after 20 days. At this time, soymilk is used to control food organisms, and soya bean-sized soft granules are made from mash to make 1 meter intervals. Feed a grain on the beach and use the domesticated fingerlings to eat the dip material. At this time, dilute the large-scale fingerlings.
Second, large-scale fingerlings breeding
(1) Fish species transportation and stocking In order to ensure the quality of fish species, the Obsidian Oriental should be an authentic fish species. Choose individuals with strong physique, no disease, no injury, neat specifications, and strong water-returning ability as stocking targets. Transportation is generally transported by plastic bag oxygenation, 3-4 cm seedlings per bag of 100-150 tail, can be transported for 5-8 hours, the survival rate of 95%. The seedlings are best to be sterilized with 5ppm bleaching powder or 1ppm malachite green for 10 minutes before stocking, and the temperature difference should not be too large when stocking. Obscure Oriental? Should be sparse, 3-5 cm species of pond stocking density of 2000-3000 / acre, adequate water, good water quality, water exchange of large ponds can be appropriately increased stocking density, can be 3500 per acre - 4000 tails. With the growth of fish, gradually catch large and stay small, dilute farming.
(B) Domestication of dark-striped Orientals After domestication, they can be fed with minced bait fish, shrimp, snail meat, and oyster meat. Within a week of stocking, the seedlings were bred with fresh palatable fish, shrimp, shellfish, etc., and gradually adapted to the farming environment and bait composition. After the river fish habitually eats food, artificial diets are gradually mixed in the diet and the amount of artificial diet is gradually increased. Until the artificial diet is completely eaten, ensuring the freshness of the bait during domestication is the key to success.
(3) Feeding bait is mainly dip-feeding, and the daily bait feeding amount accounts for about 3%-7% of the fish's weight. When feeding, it needs to be positioned (fixed feeding position) to quantify (multiple feeding, less feeding, and less feeding) In order to satisfy the principle of fish fullness, constant speed (feeding speed is slow-fast-slow) and quality is determined (fish is palatable, fresh and clean). Normally feed twice daily. It is best to use a food table in the pool so that the food intake can be checked in time. If there are still remaining foods on the table two hours after feeding, the amount of feed must be reduced. The food table must be cleaned and exposed to prevent the growth of pathogens.
(IV) Water Quality Control Rivers Like the fresh water environment, pond culture should be based on water color, water quality, transparency, dissolved oxygen and fish and shrimp activities. New water should be added from time to time, and water should be changed once a month to improve water quality. Since the optimum growth temperature range of the river is 9-32°C, in summer, when the pool water temperature exceeds 32°C, deep well water or river water with low temperature needs to be injected to adjust the pool water temperature. In winter, when the pool water temperature is lower than 9°C, it needs to enter the greenhouse for wintering. In addition, river fish have higher requirements for dissolved oxygen. When the dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 1.5 g/L, it begins to float, and when it falls below 1.3 mg/L, it begins to die. The appropriate dissolved oxygen needs to be kept at 3 mg/L. Above this, in the absence of dissolved oxygen, aerators or air pumps are used to increase oxygen.
(V) Rivers of different sizes and sizes have different feeding capacity. The large individuals often attack small individuals when they rush to eat, which seriously affects the feeding and growth of small individuals. Therefore, individuals of different specifications are divided into stocks, which are usually divided into 30 to 45 days. Ensuring adequate feeding, timely decentralization and appropriate dilution can effectively prevent the killing of fish and increase the survival rate of culture.
(6) Everyday management should insist on watching the ponds, observe the activities of the rivers, ingestion and water color, water quality, and inspect the breeding facilities. Daily measurements of physical and chemical factors in water. Such as water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, COD, PO4-P, transparency, etc., do daily records to facilitate the summary of lessons learned and guide the future production. The fish growth was measured every 10-15 days, and records were taken as a reference for feeding. Through 4.5 months of careful rearing, the current fish species size can reach 100-150 grams, and the survival rate can be stabilized at 85%-95%.
(II) Clearing and disinfecting of ponds Drain the water in the pond in winter or in idle season, dig up the silt in the bottom of the pond, and then naturally expose the sun. The fish ponds shall be disinfected with fresh lime, bleach and other clear ponds before the pool is used. Lime consumption per acre is 100-150 kilograms, and bleaching powder is 30-40 ppm. After one week, the fish is put into storage and the base fertilizer is applied to facilitate the growth of plankton.
(3) Raising fish fingerlings indoors to 1.2-1.5 cm, and 1-2 mu
Million. The transport distance can be transported in plastic buckets with water. If the transport distance is long, use plastic bags to transport oxygen. Each bag contains 800-1000 tails. The transportation time can guarantee the survival rate in 7-8 hours. The transport water is best. 3-5ppm of salt water, stocking temperature should be above 18 °C, pay attention to the temperature difference between the inside and outside the bag should not be too large.
(4) Feeding of bait and water quality control The total length of the species is 3 cm. Each day, a kilogram of soybean milk is fed to the pond per acre to breed plankton, providing sufficient fish for the fish species. At the same time, transparency is taken care of, generally about 30 centimeters; Color, plankton in the water is abundant, but not in groups or groups, can not be applied in the water. If there are too many food organisms, new water should be injected to reduce the biological density and keep the water fresh. Through effective regulation of dissolved oxygen and water quality, most fish species can be up to about 3 cm in diameter after 20 days. At this time, soymilk is used to control food organisms, and soya bean-sized soft granules are made from mash to make 1 meter intervals. Feed a grain on the beach and use the domesticated fingerlings to eat the dip material. At this time, dilute the large-scale fingerlings.
Second, large-scale fingerlings breeding
(1) Fish species transportation and stocking In order to ensure the quality of fish species, the Obsidian Oriental should be an authentic fish species. Choose individuals with strong physique, no disease, no injury, neat specifications, and strong water-returning ability as stocking targets. Transportation is generally transported by plastic bag oxygenation, 3-4 cm seedlings per bag of 100-150 tail, can be transported for 5-8 hours, the survival rate of 95%. The seedlings are best to be sterilized with 5ppm bleaching powder or 1ppm malachite green for 10 minutes before stocking, and the temperature difference should not be too large when stocking. Obscure Oriental? Should be sparse, 3-5 cm species of pond stocking density of 2000-3000 / acre, adequate water, good water quality, water exchange of large ponds can be appropriately increased stocking density, can be 3500 per acre - 4000 tails. With the growth of fish, gradually catch large and stay small, dilute farming.
(B) Domestication of dark-striped Orientals After domestication, they can be fed with minced bait fish, shrimp, snail meat, and oyster meat. Within a week of stocking, the seedlings were bred with fresh palatable fish, shrimp, shellfish, etc., and gradually adapted to the farming environment and bait composition. After the river fish habitually eats food, artificial diets are gradually mixed in the diet and the amount of artificial diet is gradually increased. Until the artificial diet is completely eaten, ensuring the freshness of the bait during domestication is the key to success.
(3) Feeding bait is mainly dip-feeding, and the daily bait feeding amount accounts for about 3%-7% of the fish's weight. When feeding, it needs to be positioned (fixed feeding position) to quantify (multiple feeding, less feeding, and less feeding) In order to satisfy the principle of fish fullness, constant speed (feeding speed is slow-fast-slow) and quality is determined (fish is palatable, fresh and clean). Normally feed twice daily. It is best to use a food table in the pool so that the food intake can be checked in time. If there are still remaining foods on the table two hours after feeding, the amount of feed must be reduced. The food table must be cleaned and exposed to prevent the growth of pathogens.
(IV) Water Quality Control Rivers Like the fresh water environment, pond culture should be based on water color, water quality, transparency, dissolved oxygen and fish and shrimp activities. New water should be added from time to time, and water should be changed once a month to improve water quality. Since the optimum growth temperature range of the river is 9-32°C, in summer, when the pool water temperature exceeds 32°C, deep well water or river water with low temperature needs to be injected to adjust the pool water temperature. In winter, when the pool water temperature is lower than 9°C, it needs to enter the greenhouse for wintering. In addition, river fish have higher requirements for dissolved oxygen. When the dissolved oxygen in water is lower than 1.5 g/L, it begins to float, and when it falls below 1.3 mg/L, it begins to die. The appropriate dissolved oxygen needs to be kept at 3 mg/L. Above this, in the absence of dissolved oxygen, aerators or air pumps are used to increase oxygen.
(V) Rivers of different sizes and sizes have different feeding capacity. The large individuals often attack small individuals when they rush to eat, which seriously affects the feeding and growth of small individuals. Therefore, individuals of different specifications are divided into stocks, which are usually divided into 30 to 45 days. Ensuring adequate feeding, timely decentralization and appropriate dilution can effectively prevent the killing of fish and increase the survival rate of culture.
(6) Everyday management should insist on watching the ponds, observe the activities of the rivers, ingestion and water color, water quality, and inspect the breeding facilities. Daily measurements of physical and chemical factors in water. Such as water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, COD, PO4-P, transparency, etc., do daily records to facilitate the summary of lessons learned and guide the future production. The fish growth was measured every 10-15 days, and records were taken as a reference for feeding. Through 4.5 months of careful rearing, the current fish species size can reach 100-150 grams, and the survival rate can be stabilized at 85%-95%.